International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research

Communication Apprehension among ESL College Learners

2025-02-23T14:28:45+00:00

Language learners often encounter challenges when speaking a non-native language, such as English as a Second Language (ESL). These difficulties can arise not only from the complexity of language skills but also due to anxiety. This study investigated language anxiety, spe-cifically communication apprehension, among freshmen college stu-dents enrolled in a basic communication course. Quantitative and qualitative methods were employed, including a survey questionnaire and focus group discussions. The findings indicate that a majority of students experience average levels of communication apprehension. Notably, females exhibited higher communication apprehension compared to males. These results suggest that language anxiety, par-ticularly communication apprehension, may be influenced by expo-sure to language use and the classroom environment.

Effectiveness of Student Academic Policy Orientation of the Bachelor of Science in Economics Program, Bicol University College of Business, Economics and Management

2025-02-23T14:28:45+00:00

This study examines the effectiveness of Academic Orientation Programs for incoming freshmen, shifters, and transferees in a col-lege setting. The program is designed to familiarize students with the school environment, policies, rules, and the socio-cultural cli-mate, helping them navigate academic life. The study assessed stu-dents’ knowledge levels before and after the orientation using a pre-test and post-test, with a control group of students who did not par-ticipate in the orientation for comparison.
Results revealed that students in the experimental group (those who participated in the orientation) had an average knowledge level before the orientation, which improved significantly after the pro-gram. Post-test scores indicated a notable increase in students' un-derstanding of academic policies, suggesting that the orientation had a positive effect on their knowledge. In contrast, students in the control group, who did not undergo the orientation, showed no sig-nificant improvement in their knowledge of academic policies. This comparison strengthens the conclusion that the orientation pro-gram effectively enhanced students’ understanding of the school’s academic environment. Common mistakes related to academic poli-cies, procedures, and programs were identified in both groups, with the experimental group making fewer errors after the orientation.
The study recommends strategies to enhance the orientation program, including conducting a pre-assessment of student needs, developing relevant materials, employing a holistic delivery ap-proach, and ensuring continuous evaluation. It also suggests that integrating orientation content consistently into classroom policies and course offerings can reinforce students’ understanding.
The study concludes that regular and reinforced orientation pro-grams are crucial for improving students' knowledge of academic policies. The inclusion of a control group reinforces the effectiveness of the orientation program, and further research is encouraged to explore additional factors influencing the effectiveness of orienta-tion and its impact on students’ academic success.

‘Gemoy’ Campaign: A Strategic Electoral Communication of Prabowo Subianto

2025-02-23T14:28:45+00:00

Prabowo Subianto, an ambitious politician in Indonesia, ran for the presidency in the 2024 election after experiencing defeats in 2014 and 2019. This study examines the strategic political communication of Prabowo Subianto during the 2024 Indonesian presidential elec-tion, focusing on his rebranding efforts and digital media strategies. The objective of this research is to analyze how Prabowo’s strategic communication shaped public perception and attracted a broader voter base. This study employs a case study approach by analyzing campaign materials, social media content, and public discourse to assess Prabowo’s strategic communication transformation. Data sources include digital media analysis, interviews with political ana-lysts, and public opinion surveys. The findings indicate that Prabowo successfully transformed his image from a rigid military figure to a more approachable and humorous persona through digital communi-cation strategies. The "Gemoy" campaign, executed on platforms such as TikTok, Instagram, and Twitter, effectively engaged young voters and increased public interaction. His shift towards a more audience-oriented political marketing approach significantly contributed to his electoral success in 2024. This study highlights the importance of adapting political communication strategies to changing voter de-mographics and the role of digital media in modern political cam-paigns.

None Vulnerability and Coping Capacity to Disaster Risks of Selected Barangays in Mandaon, Masbate, Philippines

2025-02-26T21:25:00+00:00

This study assessed the vulnerability and coping capacity to disaster risks of selected barangays in Mandaon, Masbate, Philippines in 2013. The study made use of a descriptive survey method wherein survey-questionnaire based on the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Framework (NDRRMF) was used in data collection. Statistical tools included frequency count, percentage, and rank order. The data on age, gender, member per household, and income were assessed using the dependency ratio, female-to-male ratio, and poverty index. The DRRM programs implemented were analyzed by comparing them to the DRRM Framework by FAO. Results revealed that selected barangays were vulnerable to disaster risks, and the people had low coping capacity based on their age with a dependency ratio of 68.2%. In the gender component, the females are less resilient with a 1:1 ratio. In terms of income, the barangays are found to be vulnerable to the fact that 50% of the total households are found to be living below the poverty line (about $1/day/person). The programs, projects, and activities implemented by the agencies and organizations of the government are under the category of prevention, mitigation, and preparedness only based on the DRRM Framework. The barangays are also vulnerable since there are no programs yet related to response, rehabilitation, and recovery that are implemented.

From Tradition to Trend: Development, Acceptability and Marketability of Classic Heirloom Rice-Veggie Chips

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

Heirloom rice is part of the culture and heritage of the Cordillera Ad-ministrative Region. It is the heart and soul of its terraces. Heirloom rice varieties are now known to be nutrient-dense, thus elevating heirloom rice’s status as a specialty rice. The production of processed products from heirloom rice lacks standardization of the processing procedures as most of the processed products are done by small-scale entrepreneurs in the locality. Thus, this study aims to develop a new variety of chips out of heirloom rice of Ifugao, fused with additional vegetables like Moringa Oliefera (Horse Radish Leaves) and Ma-mordica Charantia (Bitter Gourd Leaves). The developmental re-search design was used to develop the Classic Heirloom Rice-Veggie Chips. In contrast, the quantitative-descriptive research design among 315 randomly selected consumers in Lagawe, Ifugao, was used to determine the acceptability and marketability aspect of the product developed. After a series of formulations, the study devel-oped a standardized process and procedures for making Heirloom Rice- Veggie Chips. On the other hand, using weighted means, findings revealed that the product received high acceptability ratings across all attributes, with texture scoring 5.86 and overall acceptability reaching 5.92, indicating strong positive appeal to respondents. Thus, heirloom rice with vegetables is generally acceptable for sensory evaluation. Lastly, The Classic Heirloom Rice Veggie Chips demon-strated high marketability across various aspects, with strong scores in purchase likelihood (5.79), recommendation (5.93), recognition (5.94), and packaging (5.98) while maintaining consistent appeal across different price points.

Strategic Direction of a Local Government Unit-Funded College in the Philippines

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

is descriptive study aimed at determining the status of a local col-lege in Aklan, Western Visayas and chart its strategic direction. Stakeholders composed of college students, parents, village offi-cials, business owners, school personnel, local government em-ployees, service providers such as boarding house owners, drivers, and graduating high school students provided data using a vali-dated researcher-made survey questionnaire guided by the prin-ciples of SWOT analysis. Results revealed that the strengths of the college include its creation through a municipal ordinance, pres-ence of a vision, mission, and goals, its strategic location, updated curricular programs, and the presence of a development plan. Its weaknesses are difficulties in recruitment and retention of faculty, integration of sustainable practices, limited space for expansion, minimal funding resources, and embracing of cultural diversity. The opportunities are possibility for expansion of academic pro-grams, marketing and branding strategy, attraction of diverse stu-dents, internship and job placement opportunities in the tourism island, innovative research, and resource allocation for student services. However, threats identified include competition from other academic institutions, natural disasters and global health crises, economic fluctuations and budget cuts, changes in govern-ment funding regulations, and demographic shifts and changes in the labor market. A strategic direction for the college was crafted focusing on the areas of instruction, research, community en-gagement, production, internationalization, and administration where goals, objectives, strategies, programs, projects, and activi-ties for the institution were underscored. Presentation of the pro-posed plan to the school administrators, stakeholders, and LGU officials was recommended.

A Proposed Cost-Effective Early Reading Intervention: A Tool in Improving Learners’ Reading Performance

2025-02-27T12:47:30+00:00

eading ability is a critical component of learners’ overall academic success. The effective and efficient utilization of resources is critical, especially in the new normal of education. Hence, the researchers, even in the required intervention for early-grade learners, attempted to formulate a scheme to promote better reading profiles with due consideration to school resources. Reading interventions, such as Reading Recovery, utilize one-on-one tutoring to cater to learners’ specific reading needs by evaluating reading interventions for cost and effectiveness in the specific reading skills of phonemic aware-ness, fluency, and text vocabulary, may improve their evidence-based decision-making when it comes to selecting an intervention. The researchers utilized a quasi-experimental design and purposive sampling where the whole population of interest is studied to de-termine the effectiveness of the cost-effective reading intervention A multitude of research has proven that repeated reading is an effec-tive strategy to improve fluency in struggling readers. The instru-ments employed in this study were the Early Grade Reading As-sessment tool for the pretest and the teacher-made equivalent test for EGRA for the post-test. There were 277 males and 268 females with a total of 545 grade 1-3 pupils as participants. Paired Samples T- Test utilized in the study and the results showed scores were all .000 which was less than 0.01 level of significance. Therefore, there were significant differences between the percentage scores of the pretests and the percentage scores of the post-tests. The negative sign of t- t-values indicates that the percentage scores of the post-tests were higher than the percentage scores of the pretests. Thus, the null hypothesis of no significant difference was rejected. Based on the result of this study, it can be inferred and concluded that early reading intervention in improving the learners' reading performance in terms of phonemic awareness, fluency, and text vocabulary is highly effective.

The Impact of The Government’s Rehabilitation Program on Children in Conflict with The Law in Iloilo City

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness and outcomes of the government's rehabilitation program for children in conflict with the law in Iloilo City, Region 6. This study will utilize a quantitative ap-proach to gather information about the demographic profile and the impact of the government’s rehabilitation program on various stake-holders, including the social workers, barangay officials, house par-ents, guardians, and the CICL. These respondents were chosen to pro-vide a comprehensive perspective on the rehabilitation program and its challenges, aiming to identify areas for improvement and growth. In collaboration and partnership with the government and non-government organizations, this rehabilitation center aims to promote quality education through intervention, diversion, and rehabilitation programs and services that seek to address the best interest, welfare, and development of the children in conflict with the law and children at risks, shaping them into becoming a self-reliant, productive and God-fearing individual, upon reintegration with their families and in the communities.

Mediating Effect of Cultural Intelligence on Personality Traits and Intercultural Effectiveness Among Senior High School Students

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

is study examined the mediating role of Cultural Intelligence (CQ) in the relationship between personality traits and intercultural effective-ness among Senior High School students. In an increasingly globalized world, developing intercultural competence is essential for students to navigate diverse cultural environments effectively.
The study employed a quantitative approach, gathering infor-mation from 100 Senior High School students in San Vicente Integrat-ed High School through a survey method. The Big Five Personality Traits questionnaire, the Cultural Intelligence Scale, and the Intercul-tural Effectiveness Scale were among the tools used in the survey.
Mean and Standard Deviation were used to describe the responses of the respondents in their perceptions of Personality Traits, Intercul-tural Effectiveness, and Cultural Intelligence. Also, the Pearson prod-uct-moment correlation coefficient was used to determine the rela-tionship between Personality Traits and Intercultural Effectiveness. PROCESS Macro was used in Mediation Analyses.
The findings show a positive correlation between higher levels of intercultural effectiveness and specific personality traits, namely con-scientiousness and openness to new experiences. Moreover, cultural intelligence significantly mediates this relationship, showing that stu-dents with higher Cultural Intelligence (CQ) are better able to leverage their personality traits to enhance their intercultural effectiveness.
The results show how crucial it is to develop cultural intelligence in learning environments to get students ready for cross-cultural interac-tions. The development of focused interventions and instructional strategies that raise students' CQ and improve their capacity to per-form well in a variety of cultural contexts are examples of practical results.

Socio-Demographic and Parental Acceptability of Covid-19 Pediatric Vaccination of Children with Co-Morbidities

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted public health worldwide, with children being a particularly vulnerable population due to their developing immune systems. Children with co-morbidities, such as asthma, diabetes, and other chronic conditions, are at a higher risk of severe outcomes from COVID-19 infection. The study aims to determine if the sociodemographic profile attributes may tend to have a relationship in accepting COVID-19 vaccination for parents with children with co-morbidities. Descriptive-correlational design was used in this study involving 46 participants either the mother or father of the child, Filipino residents near the declared research locale and have children who were 5 to 11 years of age situated in one municipality in Bataan, Philippines recruited us-ing a purposive sampling technique. A self-made non-standardized instrument was used in this study (a=0.78). The gathered data was analyzed using descriptive mean and Spearman Rho. Results indicate that COVID-19 pediatric vaccination is highly acceptable among the respondents (M=3.42, SD=0.34). As such, sex as demographic profile (rs=.486, p=0.001) revealed significant findings regarding parent’s acceptability of COVID-19 pediatric vaccination. The findings of this study indicated that sex-specific factors may influence vaccine ac-ceptability, and public health strategies should consider tailoring in-terventions to address these factors to promote COVID-19 vaccina-tion acceptance.

Challenges Encountered in Teaching Four Basic Operations in Mathematics and Academic Performance among Pupils

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

Mathematics is a learning discipline disliked by most of the learners in schools. This became more complicated when the learners transi-tioned from face-to-face to modular learning modality during the pandemic, and just recently from modular back to face-to-face learn-ing modality. This study aimed to determine the extent of the chal-lenges encountered by the respondents in teaching mathematics and the academic performance among the pupils. Using complete enu-meration, all Grades 4 to 6 mathematics teachers in Mambajao Dis-trict were used as respondents of the study. Quantitative descriptive research design was employed supplemented with survey question-naire as the main data gathering tool. Appropriate statistical tools were used to analyse the collected data. Results showed that majority of the respondents were females, middle-aged, with at least 11 years of teaching experience, and with units in master’s degree course pro-gram. The respondents had always experienced challenges in teach-ing mathematics to the learners, while the learners had a satisfactory academic performance. There was no relationship between the ex-tent of the challenges encountered by the respondents and the aca-demic performance of the learners. Finally, the study found no signifi-cant differences on the extent of the challenges encountered among the respondents when grouped in terms of age, sex, number of years of teaching, and highest educational attainment. The researcher rec-ommended that future researchers may replicate this work with ad-ditional interesting variables.

Personality Traits and Sexual Risk Behaviors: The Moderating Role of Religiosity in Maritime Cadets

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

This research explores whether religiosity moderates the link be-tween Big Five personality traits and cadets' sexual risk behaviors. Overall, 474 respondents participated in the study. This number con-sists of students taking up Marine Transportation and Marine Engi-neering students in a maritime school situated in Metro Manila. They were surveyed using the converted electronic version of the Brief Mul-tidimensional Measure of Religiosity and Spirituality (BMMRS), Big Five Personality Factors - 2 (BFI-2), and the Sexual Risks Behaviors Scale. Based on the results, the study found that agreeableness is neg-atively correlated with sexual risk behavior (r = -.12*, p < .05), sug-gesting a tendency towards lower engagement in risky sexual behav-iors among those with higher levels of agreeableness. Furthermore, this study concluded that religiousness did not moderate the relation-ship between agreeableness and sexual risk behavior. This suggests that, regardless of whether individuals are highly agreeable, their level of religiousness does not seem to alter the impact of agreeableness on sexual risk behavior.

Perspectives on Peace Education of Muslim Scholars and Educators in Sulu, Philippines

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

his research explores the attitudes of Muslim Filipinos in Sulu in the context of how Islamic doctrine supports peace and nonviolence among them. This study addresses a gap in peace education for Min-danao with a specific emphasis on knowing the perceptions of local Islamic scholars and educators of peace-building practice. The meth-odology undertaken in the conduct of this research is a mixed-method approach involving both quantitative and qualitative ap-proaches. A survey questionnaire was administered to 331 students in Teacher Education. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 59 educators and scholars. Descriptive statistics and content analysis served the purposes of data analysis (Aming-Hayudini et al., 2024). The goal was to find recurring themes and patterns.
Key findings reveal that 87% of respondents strongly agree that Islam promotes peace, with the Qur'an and the teachings of Prophet Muhammad emphasizing the sanctity of human life, peaceful conflict resolution, and the avoidance of violence. Specifically, 92 percent of the teaching and academic faculty believe that a peaceful inner heart is a basic requirement for world peace, while 86 percent believe that, in Islam, peace is connected with justice, and 81 percent believe inter-faith dialogue and cooperation are imperative to promote different communities' mutual understanding. The study also identified the significant role of Islamic teachings on justice and the importance of Sharia (Islamic Jurisprudence) in ensuring a just society.
The conclusion underscores that Islamic peace education, rooted in the principles of submission to Allah’s will, adherence to Qur’anic guidance, and promoting justice through Sharia, is vital for long-term peace-building in Sulu. Educators and scholars in the region play a critical role in moving forward with these values and supporting peace initiatives consistent with the principles of Islam. This re-search finds that the Islamic peace education approach should be in-cluded in both formal and informal learning systems in Mindanao, especially in Sulu, as a solution to the problems facing the region re-garding conflict and establishing a more peaceful society.

Teachers’ Well-Being and Job Performance

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

This study was conducted to determine teachers’ well-being and job performance in the new normal education due to COVID-19. Seventy-one teachers from the select schools in Mambajao District of DepEd-Camiguin were used as respondents of the study. A quantitative descriptive research design was used supplemented with a survey questionnaire as the main data-gathering tool. Research and health protocols as well as the ethical standards were observed in the implementation of the study. Appropriate statistical tools were used to analyze the data. Results showed that the majority of the respondents were females, in the middle-aged group, at least with units in master’s degree program, got the Teacher III position, and with at least 11 years of teaching experience. The respondents had a moderate extent of well-being and a very satisfactory job performance level. Despite the challenges of the learning modality, the well-being of the teachers did not influence their job performance. The demographics of the respondents did not influence difference in their well-being. This work showed that the respondents continued to perform their duties and functions amidst the challenges brought by the pandemic. Future researchers are encouraged to replicate this study by the time the health risks are controlled, and the learners go back to school for face-to-face class instruction.

Bolstering The Growth of Broiler Chicken with Bio-Stimulant as Supple-ment in Drinking Water

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

The most popular domestic animals in poultry raising are birds, such as chickens, geese, turkeys, and ducks. This study aims to bolster the growth performance of broiler chicken by supplementing bio-stimulant in the drinking water. This was conducted last January 1 to February 7, 2024 at Bacolod City, Philippines. The total number of birds used for this study was 80 broiler chickens. The researchers gathered data on the broiler chicken's weight, average daily gain, and feed conversation ratio within 35 days. The researchers used a com-plete randomized design (CRD) with four treatments replicated four times. All the data gathered were statistically computed, and subject-ed to analysis of variance (ANOVA) in CRD using STAR 2.0.1. Results show that supplementing drinking water with 0.30% BSS mixtures had the heaviest weight of broiler chickens with 0.6984 kg, 1.3321 kg, and 1.7764 kg at weeks 3, 4, and 5, respectively. The same concentra-tion implied broiler chickens' highest average daily gain (ADG) weight with 0.0998 kg, 0.1903 kg, and 0.2538 kg at weeks 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Significant results were also shown by the same concen-tration with the lowest feed conversion ratio (FCR) at 1.47, 1.36, and 1.34 at weeks 3, 4, and 5, respectively. Based on the results of the study it recommends supplementing the drinking water of broiler chickens with BSS at a concentration of 0.30%.

Stakeholders’ Engagement and School Performance: Basis for a Proposed School-Community Partnership Program

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

This study investigated the relationship between stakeholders' en-gagement and school performance, focusing on elementary schools in the Schools Division of Borongan City. The specific objectives were to determine the extent of stakeholder involvement in instructional, physical, and values development; evaluate the performance of re-spondent schools in terms of student achievement, school awards and recognition, and School-Based Management (SBM) level of prac-tice. Utilizing a descriptive-correlational research design, data were gathered through survey questionnaires adapted and analyzed the prevailing conditions and cause-effect relationships. The study in-volved elementary school heads and SBM coordinators, who were selected via purposive sampling through total enumeration. Findings indicated active stakeholder engagement across instructional, physi-cal, and values development areas. Among the 40 respondent schools, 47.5% were classified as very satisfactory and 52.5% as satisfactory in student achievement. Additionally, 50% of schools excelled in awards and recognition, 45% were moderately performing, and 5% were not performing. At the SBM level of practice, 95% were classi-fied as progressive, with only 5% at the mature level. Statistical anal-ysis revealed that student achievement and SBM level of practice were not significantly related to stakeholder engagement, with p-values of .315 and .715, respectively. However, a significant relation-ship was found between stakeholder engagement and school awards and recognition, with a p-value of .045. These results underscore the importance of stakeholder engagement in enhancing certain aspects of school performance, particularly in achieving awards and recogni-tion, highlighting areas where further improvements and strategies are needed to link engagement more directly with academic out-comes and SBM practices.

The SIM Registration Legislation in Enhancing Mobile Security against Cyber Threats

2025-02-23T14:28:46+00:00

ABSTRACT

The SIM Card Registration Act has been actively advocated by the Department of Information and Communications Technology (DICT), aiming to raise awareness and encourage individuals to register their SIM cards. In addition, the DICT has been working closely with tele-communications companies to enhance the efficiency and simplicity of the registration procedure. Undoubtedly, the implementation of the SIM Card Registration Act plays a pivotal role in establishing a safer and more secure environment in the Philippines. The research aims to investigate and analyze the impact of SIM registration legislation as a regulatory mechanism in enhancing mobile security against cyber threats. More specifically, the study will seek Strengths and weak-nesses of SIM registration legislation in addressing challenges in mo-bile security.
The study will be conducted in the District 2 Manila, Philippines with an estimated population of 212,938 (manila.gov.ph). The re-spondents will be interview and answering a survey questionnaire in their houses or any comfortable place that the respondent will choose or the respondents may answer the survey questionnaire via Google form. The study employed a purposive sampling scheme in which re-spondents were purposefully chosen by the researcher that targets a group of people that have been affected by mobile phone-related crimes, law enforcement officials, legal experts, policymakers, or oth-er stakeholders directly involved in the enforcement of RA 11934.
The main instrument will be use of the researchers in gathering the data for this study was self- made questionnaire which is con-structed after analyzing literatures and studies related to the present study.
The results revealed the implementation of the SIM Registration Act has had significant implications for various cyber threats, includ-ing swindling / estafa, identity theft, and terrorism. By mandating the registration of SIM cards, authorities aim to enhance accountability and traceability in communication networks. The flaws within SIM registration systems contribute to the emergence of a black market for registered SIM cards. This illicit market enables their utilization in criminal activities, thereby undermining the intended security bene-fits that the registration process aims to provide.

Attitude and Proficiency Level of Grade 10 Learners in Science: Bases for An Interactive Intervention Material

2025-02-24T00:07:57+00:00

The broad scope of science, coupled with the potential for boredom, can impact student performance; therefore, fostering a positive attitude toward science is crucial for developing science process skills (SPS) and achieving academic success. Developing SPS through hands-on, inquiry-based learning improves students' scientific understanding and performance (Gizaw & Sota, 2020). This study aimed to enhance the SPS of Grade 10 learners using interactive intervention material. A survey design assessed their attitude toward science and SPS, while correlational analysis examined the relationship between attitudes and SPS. Spearman’s rank correlation and the independent t-test were used to analyze the data. Developmental design was employed to create the intervention material.

Results showed that Grade 10 learners were proficient in all seven SPS, with mean scores ranging from 3.99 to 4.21. Inferring had the highest score (4.21), while interpreting had the lowest (3.99), indicating gaps in these skills. A significant positive correlation was found between attitude and proficiency in all skills. Since the skills fell under the proficient level and gaps existed, Sacapaño’s (2024) framework, where the least mean is considered a weakness and the highest as a strength, was used to determine which skills to target in the IIM. Communicating and interpreting, with the lowest scores, were identified for enhancement in the IIM. The validation of the IIM, with a weighted mean of 4 regarded as highly valid, suggested that the material could effectively enhance the communication and interpretation skills of Grade 10 learners in Candon City Division. Therefore, the researcher recommended adopting and incorporating the IIM into science instruction.

Iba Si Eba: An Assessment of the Gender and Development (GAD) Program as a Basis for Improvement

2025-02-24T00:14:10+00:00

This study assessed the Gender and Development (GAD) program in Lucena City, with the objective of assessing community awareness, availability of the program, participation, existing policies, and barriers to implementation. A descriptive quantitative research design and purposive sampling were used to gather data from five barangays with the largest populations. Findings were supposed to inform the development of integrated and sustainable GAD initiatives addressing gender-based violence and promoting gender equality effectively. Demographics reflect participatory involvement from the younger generations, who are mostly within the 18-27 age category. Women are very participatory at 78%; hence, there needs to be a participatory balance between men and LGBTQIA+ sectors. 39% were college-educated, but this did not transfer to high levels of awareness as information and outreach were not dispersed. The programs were not made available to all barangays; scheduling, access, and resources were all different and not accessible at the same levels to participate. Yet, staff training, resource allocation, community involvement, and policy implementation still face issues. Recommendations would include diversification in communication strategy, inclusiveness, program inconsistencies, and monitoring and implementation mechanisms. This study, therefore, served to highlight the importance of partnership between local governments, stakeholders, and community people in the enhancement of gender equality and the effectiveness of GBV, leading to safer communities.

The Influence of Workplace Spirituality in Engagement, Resilience and Efficacy of Secondary Teachers in Iba District, Schools Division of Zambales

2025-02-24T00:52:57+00:00

This study examined the relationship between workplace spirituality and engagement, resilience, and self-efficacy among secondary school teachers in Iba District, Schools Division of Zambales, during the 2018-2019 school year. A descriptive research design was used, employing a questionnaire to gather data from 138 randomly selected teachers. The study explored workplace spirituality through compassion, meaningful work, mindfulness, and transcendence, alongside teacher attributes such as engagement, resilience, and self-efficacy. It also considered respondents' age, sex, religion, civil status, educational attainment, and years of service. Findings revealed that most respondents were 33 years old, female, Catholic, married, held a BS degree with MA units, and had seven years of teaching experience. Workplace spirituality, particularly compassion, mindfulness, and transcendence, was perceived as occurring "often," while meaningful work was rated as "always." Teachers consistently rated their engagement, resilience, and self-efficacy as "always" present. Significant differences were found in workplace spirituality and teacher attributes when grouped by demographic variables. A very high correlation existed between workplace spirituality and teacher attributes. The study recommends home visits to support students, encouraging teachers to develop empathy and apply moral values. Schools should provide training on compassion, mindfulness, and transcendence. Further research is suggested to validate these findings.

School Heads’ Level of Competence in the Implementation of Inclusive Education

2025-02-24T00:53:46+00:00

This study assessed the competence of school heads in implementing inclusive education in the Schools Division of Zambales. Using a descriptive-survey research design, the study involved 32 school heads and 594 teachers from 13 districts. The competence of school heads was evaluated across five dimensions: instructional leadership, managerial leadership, strategic thinking and innovation, stakeholder engagement, and personal excellence. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using statistical tools such as mean, t-test, and ANOVA. The results revealed that school heads were highly competent in all dimensions, as perceived by both groups of respondents. Instructional leadership was characterized by effective collaboration with teachers, analysis of student work, and policy implementation promoting peace and diversity. Managerial leadership highlighted the establishment of systems for collaboration and alignment of staffing with school goals. Strategic thinking and innovation emphasized vision-setting, promoting creativity, and aligning school culture with educational objectives. Stakeholder engagement focused on fostering partnerships and building supportive networks, while personal excellence underscored traits such as resilience, accountability, and emotional intelligence. Despite the high competence ratings, challenges remain in translating inclusive education policies into practice and addressing resource limitations. Significant differences in the perceptions of teachers and school heads were noted, highlighting the need for enhanced communication and collaborative leadership. The study recommends continuous professional development, provision of resources, and strategies to foster resilience among school heads. Strengthening stakeholder engagement and data-driven decision-making are also essential to further improve the implementation of inclusive education and create equitable learning environments.

Integrative Learning Approaches in Fostering Gender Equality Competence

2025-02-24T01:01:32+00:00

The study's primary objective is to investigate how the integrative learning approach contributes to fostering gender equality competence. Schools are a pivotal environment for the youth, thus, they are expected to be safe, non-discriminatory, and provide equal treatment and education. This study aims to understand how integrative learning approaches increase gender equality competence. Descriptive and Correlational Research was utilized as these research aims to determine the relationship of gender equality competence to integrative learning approaches and if gender significantly affects the relationship between the two variables mentioned above. The research instrument used in this study is a self-made survey checklist that was completed based on various scholars and literature. In this study, the researcher employed the stratified sampling technique using a convenience sampling procedure where availability and willingness were factors for selecting the respondents. The researchers utilized convenience sampling to gather research data from several respondents who were conveniently accessible within the researcher’s proximity. The outcome of testing for a significant relationship between integrative learning approaches and gender equality competence revealed no moderation effect among the variables. With the result, findings can be utilized in further improving the curricula and emphasizing the utilization of necessary procedures on basing learning methods on gender-related approaches.

A Contextualized Reinforcement and Intervention Program in Mathematics for Selected Senior High School Students

2025-02-24T03:55:13+00:00

This action research evaluates the effectiveness of a contextualized reinforcement and intervention program in Mathematics for selected Senior High School (SHS) students at Maximo L. Gatlabayan Memorial High School (MLGMNHS). The participants were students who previously scored below 75% of the highest possible score in Mathematics examinations and/or demonstrated low performance in the Learning Outcomes Assessment (LOA) or Individual Monitoring Learning Plan (ILMP). They were identified by their subject teachers and validated through a pre-test. To assess the program’s impact, the participants took a teacher-designed post-test, and the results were analyzed to determine significant differences in their performance before and after the intervention. Additionally, some students were interviewed to gain insights into their experiences and the challenges they faced throughout the program. Findings indicate that implementing structured intervention programs in Mathematics significantly enhances students’ mathematical knowledge and overall performance. Therefore, schools should invest more effort in sustaining and improving such programs to maximize their impact on student learning outcomes.

Performance Management, Rewards and Recognition, and Satisfaction of Employees on the Implementation of PRIME-HRM: A Partial Mediation Analysis

2025-02-25T15:39:37+00:00

The Program to Institutionalize Meritocracy and Excellence in Human Resource Management (PRIME-HRM) is a program of the Civil Service Commission promoting the culture of excellence in human resource management systems in the Philippines. However, little is known about the status of implementation of this program in the education sector. Thus, this research aims to explain the implementation of PRIME-HRM in the DepEd Division Offices in the Province of Laguna and its relationship to the level of satisfaction of the employees. It also tested the difference between the extent of program implementation when grouped according to their division, and the significant difference between the level of satisfaction of personnel on implementation of the program in each division office. A 7-point Likert scale (average Cronbach’s alpha of 0.973) instrument was floated to fifty respondents. Results showed that the extent of implementation of PRIME-HRM is very high. It was also noted the very high level of satisfaction of employees about PRIME-HRM implementation. Finally, the study concluded the mediation effects of rewards and recognition on the effects of the performance management pillar on the satisfaction of the employees.

Enhancing Instruction In Electronics: A Whole-Brain Approach Utilizing Differentiated Activities

2025-02-24T14:07:45+00:00

Enhancing teaching strategies in teaching electronics contributes to Sustainable Development Goal 4 (Quality Education) by promoting inclusive and effective learning. Additionally, Priority Area 15 of the EDCOM 2 Year 2 Report highlights the importance of innovative pedagogical approaches to improve engagement and academic per-formance in higher education. This study evaluates the effectiveness of differentiated activities grounded in the whole-brain approach in teaching 80 first-year Electronics Technology students at Valenzuela City Technological College, selected through purposive sampling. Mean, percentage, standard deviation, and t-tests for correlated and independent samples were used for statistical analysis. Findings indicate that prior to implementing differentiated activities, stu-dents exhibited moderate engagement when taught using conven-tional methods. However, engagement significantly increased after the introduction of differentiated activities grounded on the whole brain approach. Pre-test scores for both control and experimental groups did not exceed 50%, indicating low student engagement and academic performance. In contrast, post-test scores improved sig-nificantly, confirming the effectiveness of differentiated activities grounded on the whole brain approach in teaching electronics. De-spite the frequent use of differentiated strategies, instructors at Valenzuela City Technological College often overlook students' pre-ferred learning styles, limiting the full potential of whole-brain in-struction. These findings emphasize the need for instructional ap-proaches tailored to diverse learning needs to maximize student engagement and academic success. In response, this study proposes a training plan for college instructors to enhance the application of differentiated activities grounded on the whole brain in teaching electronics education.

Exploring the Influence of Out-of-Specialized-Field Teaching on Educators Development and Motivation

2025-02-24T21:44:20+00:00

Teaching outside your field of expertise means handling a subject you are not trained in or familiar with. This study presents the experiences of teachers assigned to teach subjects outside their area of specialization, focusing on their motivation and development. The study explores the impact of teaching outside their specialization on a teacher's development and motivation. Through a qualitative phenomenology approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with preselected Senior High school teachers in a private educational institution located in Guagua, Pampanga, the Philippines, teaching subjects that are not their field of expertise and fit the researcher’s established criteria. The complexity of teaching outside one’s specialization and how educators adapt to these demands. The study uncovers opportunities for professional growth. For some, the experience fostered resilience and broadened their perspectives, enabling them to become more versatile educators. Positive student responses give them a sense of fulfillment despite all the challenges. According to results, out-of-specialized-field teaching presents new challenges, but it helps show their adaptability, and resourcefulness and unlock more creative teaching strategies with the purpose of providing quality education. By focusing on the lived experiences of teachers, teachers should recognize teaching outside their specialization as a valuable opportunity for personal and professional growth, promoting a growth mindset that encourages embracing challenges.

Challenges and Problems Encountered by Senior High School Out-of-Campus Students in Work Immersion Program

2025-02-24T14:55:13+00:00

The study determines the challenges and problems senior high school out-of-campus work immersion students encounter in managing a work immersion program. A descriptive-correlational research design and a researcher-made survey questionnaire were utilized with 110 out-of-campus senior high school work immersion students. Data on frequency, percentage, weighted mean, rank distribution, and Pearson Product Moment Correlation (Pearson r) were analyzed. Data revealed that the profile of respondents had a greater number of female than male respondents. Regarding parents' educational attainment, more finished college level for mothers and secondary level for fathers. The family's monthly income is lower. The distance from the work immersion venue is a long travel of six kilometers and above. However, challenges encountered by out-of-campus work immersion students are slightly challenging with the grand mean ranging from 3.892 to 4.09 and SD ranging from 0.751 to 0.874. Therefore, challenges and problems encountered transform into opportunities to grow in the workplace, work immersion students develop self-discipline, good attitude, and service to work. In addition, correlational analysis between challenges and problems encountered by out-of-campus senior high school work immersion students is highly significant regarding immersion teachers, field supervisors, work ethics, and students' skills and competence. Challenges and problems encountered by out-of-campus work immersion students lead to improvement in the workforce that can create motivational, psychological, and physiological needs. Developed a positive mindset to finish their work immersion program with satisfied learning. It is highly recommended that fieldwork supervisors be competitive in skills, knowledgeable, and experts in the specific fields of specialization.

Learners’ Profile Across Programs and Research Writing Background Learners' Profiles and Research Writing

2025-02-24T21:08:52+00:00

his study utilized a descriptive-correlational research design to inves-tigate the relationship between learners' profile and their research writing background among 276 students at Osias Colleges Incorpo-rated. The instrument underwent pilot testing, achieving a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.94, indicating high reliability. Data analy-sis involved statistical methods including frequency counts, percent-ages, means, and chi-square tests to interpret the findings accurately.
The results revealed that most participants were male freshmen aspiring to become criminologists. In terms of their research writing background, learners demonstrated a solid understanding of the re-search writing process, reported significant experience, and ex-pressed confidence in their writing abilities. Notably, the study found that both gender and year level significantly influenced students' awareness, experience, and competence in research activities, sug-gesting that as students advance academically, their engagement with research writing improves. However, the specific courses taken did not appear to significantly impact on students' experiences or compe-tencies, indicating a need for curricular enhancements across disci-plines.
To address these findings, the study proposed an action plan aimed at improving learners' research writing engagements. This includes implementing a mentorship program that pairs students with experienced faculty or upperclassmen to provide guidance on academic challenges and research skills. Additionally, interactive workshops focused on advanced research writing techniques should be organized to facilitate hands-on learning experiences. Establishing a curriculum review committee (with representatives from various programs) would help assess how effectively different courses pro-mote research skills and identify best practices for enhancing student engagement in research activities across all programs.

From Waste to Taste: Developing Upcycled Coffee Ground Cookies for Sustainable Consumption

2025-02-25T15:17:03+00:00

This study evaluated the acceptability of upcycled coffee ground cookies by analyzing their sensory attributes—appearance, aroma, texture, taste, and overall acceptability—across four different treat-ments. The experiment aimed to determine consumer preferences for these cookies, with each treatment containing a different percentage of coffee grounds, ranging from 100% in treatment 1 to 25% in treatment 4. The accepted treatment 2 (75%) was subjected to nutri-tional analysis. While the characteristics of the cookies differed, each had a consistent diameter of 8 cm. The sensory evaluation revealed that the treatment with 75% coffee grounds received the highest rat-ings across all categories, indicating that consumers found it particu-larly acceptable in terms of appearance, aroma, texture, and taste. Meanwhile, traditional butter cookies also received high ratings, re-flecting strong consumer preference. However, no significant correla-tion was observed between the sensory ratings of the butter cookies and the upcycled coffee ground cookies, suggesting that consumers perceived these as distinct products. Preference for one did not influ-ence perceptions of the other. The study concludes that offering a va-riety of products with different concentrations of upcycled coffee grounds and flavor profiles can effectively cater to the diverse tastes of consumers. Additionally, the recommended serving size is two cookies, totaling 24 grams.

Perspective of SME’s: Assessing the Profound Impact of Big Establishments on Small and Medium Enterprises (SME’s) at Poblacion, Mandaon, Masbate

2025-02-25T15:44:22+00:00

The operation of SMEs produces a large share of employ-ment and income generation, and they are essential in distrib-uting commodities for consumption. The municipality of Man-daon becomes more and more progressive, and the increasing number of big establishments has been described as a threat to the SME's day-to-day activities. Therefore, this study empha-sized SMEs rather than big establishments. To address this problem, researchers evaluated the profound impact of big es-tablishments on small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ba-rangay Poblacion, Mandaon, Masbate. The data from the aforementioned situation and problem were gathered through a survey utilizing a self-made Likert-scale questionnaire, which was then evaluated by reliability testing using SPSS statistics. The reliability statistics indicate that the high Cronbach's alpha value of.987 suggests very strong internal consistency among the items in the scale. It was distributed to 50 respondents, who are small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that were chosen through a purposive sampling design. The findings of the study show that the existence of big establishments has an adverse impact on the operation of small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Based on the analysis of the data, the monthly sales, revenue, and pricing of SMEs were affected. In addition, the customers were highly affected by the opening of the big estab-lishment, and the results were analyzed through weighted mean and multivariate analysis. As a result, the researchers will recommend a comprehensive capacity building activity entitled GROW-ME: Generating Revenue Opportunities for Well-Managed Enterprises. it is an innovative extension activity, of-fering training program, workshop and mentorship opportunity to implement various development strategies. This initiative is designed to enhance the skills and capabilities of SME owners and employees. Minimizing the influence of big establishments on SME’s can be crucial for fostering a competitive and diverse business environment.

A Segmentation Analysis Utilizing Natural Language Processing Model with Interactive Data Analytics Dashboard for Research Management Platform

2025-02-25T15:26:19+00:00

Research is a vital component of a university and, currently, unstruc-tured big data is a significant issue in various ICT industries and insti-tutions. To solve this modern problem, the researchers developed a system to streamline the manual operations and traditional research management system of the university through Natural Language Pro-cessing (NPL). This quantitative research utilizing descriptive-developmental design is about designing and evaluating A Segmenta-tion Analysis Utilizing Natural Language Processing Model with In-teractive Data Analytics Dashboard for Bulacan State University Re-search Management Platform utilizes the framework of progressive prototyping in the development process. Consultative meetings, in-terviews and the use of survey questionnaires were held to obtain data from ten (10) RDO/CDRU and staff, twenty (20) IT experts and twenty (20) academicians were chosen using random sampling. Re-sults show that personalize learning management system is excellent in terms of functional suitability (M=4.66), performance efficiency (M=4.68), compatibility (M=4.67), usability (M=4.74), reliability (M=4.51), security (M=4.44), maintainability (M=4.72), and portabil-ity (M=4.65). Subsequently, the developed system recorded a grand mean of 4.63 interpreted as Excellent among all ISO/IEC 25010 crite-ria. This indicates that the system complies with end-user needs as well as software quality standards. It is therefore prepared for adop-tion. Along with its implementation, it is recommended to gather feedback regularly and conduct an impact analysis of the effective-ness of using the segmentation analysis utilizing natural language processing model with interactive data analytics dashboard for re-search management platform.

Trailblazing Innovation Transformation Through Assistive Approaches for Inclusive Science Education

2025-02-25T15:45:10+00:00

This study investigated the level of innovation in assistive technology (AT) among science teachers in inclusive classrooms, focusing on resource allocation and implementation, collabora-tion measures, technological training, personal professional ap-proach, and adaptability. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, data were gathered from 36 science teachers through surveys and interviews. The results revealed a high level of innovation overall, with specific strengths and areas for improvement identi-fied.
Teachers However, innovated resource allocation and imple-mentation to meet various student requirements. collaboration measures indicated average level of innovation, highlighting the need for systematic teacher collaboration and best practice ex-change. The high rating of technological training shows science teachers' proactive professional development to improve AT skills. Teachers' innovative personal professional approach fo-cused on lifelong learning and creative problem-solving to achieve inclusion. Teachers' adaptability to modify tools and cre-ate low-tech solutions for students also scored high, highlighting teachers' ability to modify existing tools and develop low-tech solutions to address specific student needs. The study identified key themes, including resource limitations, technological barriers, administrative and knowledge gaps, and student-centered chal-lenges, that influence teachers' innovative use of AT. Based on these findings, a comprehensive training workshop, STEAM AID, was proposed to equip teachers with the skills and knowledge needed to overcome these challenges and foster an inclusive learning environment.

Career Trajectories of Bachelor of Secondary Education Graduates: A Tracer Study for Strategic Educational Enhancements

2025-02-25T15:30:37+00:00

This study investigates the employability and career trajectories of Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED) graduates of Sultan Kudarat State University (SKSU)—Kalamansig Campus from 2018 to 2022. It employs a descriptive research design to gather data.
The respondents were 137 BSED graduates selected using conven-ience sampling. The study utilized the Commission on Higher Educa-tion (CHED) standardized questionnaire but modified it to align with its objectives. This questionnaire was distributed via an online sur-vey platform. Statistical treatment involved frequency and percent-age.
Results revealed that most graduates were in the 26-30 age group, with females outnumbering males and most residing in municipality areas. Graduates cited career advancement and attractive compensa-tion as key reasons for taking the BSED program, supported by insti-tutional scholarships and awards.
Employment status showed a high employment rate, with many graduates securing stable teaching positions locally. Graduates rated the relevance of their degree to their present work as highly relevant, highlighting competencies in research, communication, and leader-ship as pivotal in meeting workplace demands.
The study concludes that the university's programs effectively prepare graduates for the teaching profession, though further im-provements are needed to address gaps in leadership opportunities and long-term career progression. Recommendations include enhanc-ing curriculum design to integrate emerging competencies, strength-ening pre-graduation training to reduce unemployment due to lack of experience, and developing targeted leadership programs to support career advancement. These initiatives aim better to align the univer-sity's offerings with labor market needs, ensuring sustained employ-ability and professional growth for graduates.

Describing the Buying Behavior of Bank Personnel and their Customer Satisfaction

2025-02-25T15:32:29+00:00

The study aims to describe the buying behavior of male and female bank personnel and their customer satisfaction. The buying behavior represents three indicators: perceived benefits, domain of specific innovativeness, and shopping orientation. This study utilizes a descriptive correlational approach, which focuses on describing the significant relationship between the two variables: buying behavior and customer satisfaction. The data of the study is collected using a survey questionnaire distributed to 106 participants in each selected bank. The study’s findings reveal that male and female bank personnel have high impulsivity in terms of perceived benefits, domain of specific innovativeness, and shopping orientation, but male bank personnel have low impulsivity in terms of the domain of specific innovativeness. It also indicates that male and female bank personnel are satisfied with purchasing online; positive product reviews attract them, and the thing that male and female bank personnel are unsatisfied with is the use of credit cards to purchase online. Findings indicate a significant relationship between buying behavior and customer satisfaction of male and female but with a low correlation for male and a moderate correlation for female and indicates no significant difference between the buying behavior of male and female bank personnel. Therefore, male and female bank personnel show an interest in and are highly impulsive in purchasing online.

Challenges and Opportunities in Implementing the MATATAG Curriculum: A Scoping Review

2025-02-25T15:34:29+00:00

This study utilized a scoping review to provide an overview of empir-ical studies on the implementation of the MATATAG curriculum in the Philippines. The review covered eleven studies published in 2024 that qualified in the inclusion and exclusion criteria . The majority of the studies were qualitative in nature and were subjected to descriptive and content analyses. The results of this review revealed five themes: teachers’ perspectives, school heads’ perspectives, training experi-ences, challenges encountered and teaching and leading with resilien-cy. The findings express that the successful implementation of the MATATAG curriculum in the Philippines depends on teachers' and school heads' experiences, effective training programs, and ongoing professional development, emphasizing the need for policy support and adaptive strategies to enhance resilience and sustain curriculum reforms in a supportive educational environment.

The Lived Experiences of Parents of Traditional Low-income Households in the Shift from Modular to Blended Learning: A Phenomenological Study in the Philippines during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2025-02-26T21:23:47+00:00

The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift in educational modalities, notably from modular to blended learning, creating unique challenges for low-income households in the Philip-pines. This study examines the lived experiences of 11 Baran-gay Manggahan, Pasig City parents during this transition. A qualitative phenomenological approach was utilized to capture the complexities of their adaptation, focusing on access to technology, economic pressures, and the home learning envi-ronment. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured interviews and analyzed using thematic analysis. Participants were purposively selected to represent tradi-tional low-income households with school-aged children en-gaged in blended learning. The findings revealed significant barriers, including limited access to devices and internet con-nectivity, compounded by financial instability. These con-straints strained parents' abilities to support their children’s education, although many adopted strategies like promoting independence, leveraging community resources, and reorganiz-ing household routines. Despite the challenges, parents gener-ally perceived blended learning as an improvement over modu-lar learning due to increased teacher
interaction and enhanced learning opportunities. However, issues such as inconsistent schedules and the financial burden of the hybrid format persisted. The study underscores the digi-tal divide as a critical factor exacerbating educational inequi-ties, highlighting the need for systemic interventions. In addi-tion to this, targeted efforts to improve digital access, provide economic support, and enhance parent-teacher collaboration are vital for fostering inclusive and effective education. These findings contribute to policy discussions on addressing so-cio-economic disparities in education, particularly in post-pandemic recovery planning.

The Journey of Exceptional Educational Leaders in Higher Education Institutions in Region III

2025-02-25T15:38:56+00:00

This study concentrated on the journey of exceptional education lead-ers in higher education institutions in Region III. This study used the qualitative descriptive, specifically the case study method. This study described and explored the lived experiences of exceptional education leaders. Case analysis, unstructured interviews and observations were used to gather data from the participants. The participants of the study belonged in late adulthood, female, finished their doctorate degree in education and in other disciplines, holding academic posi-tion of Professor 7 and was previously appointed as College of Educa-tion Dean. The educational background of the participants manifested that they were shaped with the learnings acquired in their academic journey. The knowledge-based, skills and abilities to perform effective-ly in their demanding roles demonstrated that they were capable to handle various responsibilities, and many challenges evolve within their workplace. They were affiliated to various recognized organiza-tion to established network and linkages. In terms of leadership quali-ties, most of them said that they used servant leadership; they were people oriented and innovative. Moreover, most of them stated that the qualities of a good academic leaders were knowledgeable, motivator, responsible and have good relationship with people. The participants had strong interpersonal relationship with their colleagues because they were team players, active listeners and flexible leaders. Moreo-ver, their short- and long-term vision is to sustain and maintain their accreditation status through compliance to the accreditation indica-tors that attest their educational quality in pursuit of academic excel-lence. In terms of best practices in curriculum and instruction, the participants claimed that their curriculum and program of studies meets the requirements and standards of the Commission on Higher Education, Professional Regulations Commission, Professional Organi-zation or Societies and other related agencies which were reflective to national and regional goals, and institutional vision and mission, and provide for the development of
various competencies. Similarly, all participants stated that they ad-here with the National Higher Education Research Agenda and Na-tional Unified Health Research Agenda in the formulation of their In-stitutional Research Agenda which were aligned with priority thrust of regional and national priorities of government agencies and private sectors. All participants stated that they adhere to the importance of extending their services to communities outside their campuses. Spe-cifically, the administration, faculty and students are involved in the identification, planning and implementation of extension programs of the institutions. An office that specifically oversees the operations of the extension services is present in the study, of higher education in-stitutions. These distinct offices ensure that a variety of clientele ben-efit from well designed and disseminated programs owing to the adoption of a system that makes those programs sustainable, were regularly monitored and evaluated. Finally, the participants encoun-tered problems and challenges related to the “knowledge quadrant” such as curriculum and instruction, research, community extension and other administrative support.

Diminishing Marginal Utility of Technological Devices toward Academic Performance in Mathematics, Reading, and Science

2025-02-27T12:44:26+00:00

The Philippines, in its pursuit of aligning its education system with global standards, has participated in the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) which evaluates 15-year-olds' reading, scientific, and mathematical proficiency. However, the 2022 PISA report ranked Filipino learners among the lowest five in reading, science, and mathematics. This study explores how ownership of technological devices influences student performance in these domains. Using Ordinal Logistic Regression, we analyze the 2022 PISA ordinal data for 7608 Filipino students. Results show a diminishing marginal return on academic achievement as device ownership increases. While initial access to technology boosts performance, the effect weakens as students own more devices. This trend is stronger among learners without siblings and persists regardless of internal or external digital distractions. Findings emphasize the need for balanced digital engagement. Rather than restricting access or full enablement, families and policymakers should focus on strategic technology use to enhance education, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals for quality learning.