International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research

Dark Tourism: Tourist Motivations at The Site of Grief in Liberty Shrine, Cebu, Philippines

Lucita A. Adelan — 2023-05-20

There is a marked rise in the development of outrage and demise-related tourist spots, destinations, and places of interest that provide potential information, insight, and recreation, enticing individuals eager to consume natural and commoditized death. The Liberty Shrine in Mactan, Cebu, Philippines, is an example of dark tourism because this spot is a commemorative marker that gives people an insight that the place was where Chieftain Lapu-Lapu killed Ferdinand Magellan during the battle in Mactan that, makes the latter the first Filipino to have deterred European belligerence. The study aimed to identify tourist motivations at the grief site in Liberty Shrine, located at Mactan, Cebu, Philippines. The study utilized the descriptive survey method validated through in-depth interviews, documentary analysis, and historical analysis. Using Stone's (2006) Dark Tourism theory, data were obtained from one hundred respondents (100), including government employees, residents, and tourists. Results revealed that visitor motivations at the grief site included location, education, motive, and promotion. It concluded that although location and education were rated Very Effective, motive and promotion were rated Effective only. The study recommended that the site management conduct systematic research and various promotional strategies, focusing on those that have proven more effective.

Influence of Self-Efficacy on Teaching Digital Technology as Perceived by Maritime Education Faculty in the Philippines

Richard R. Cabaron — 2023-05-20

Teacher efficacy has been positively connected with student outcomes, including achievement, motivation, self-efficacy beliefs, and instructors' tenacity, passion, commitment, and instructional conduct. The researcher conducted the study to determine the maritime education faculty's self-efficacy in teaching digital technology. The researcher used descriptive research to determine the self-efficacy of maritime education faculty in teaching digital technology. The purposive sampling method was utilized considering that the respondents were the maritime education faculty from three (3) Maritime Higher Education Institutions that participated in the study. The statistical tools used in the study were frequency, percentage, standard deviation, mean, and ANOVA. The Maritime education faculty perceived themselves as having self-efficacy that can be experts in teaching digital technology, such as student engagement, instructional techniques, and classroom management. Even though they teach different courses, self-efficacy has no significant difference when classified according to the courses taught. It is highly recommended that the respective schools of the Maritime education faculty that participated in this study should be given more training on classroom management so that their self-efficacy in teaching the subject will remain high. There is also the need for the teachers to have some dialogues and consultations with the parents of their students to encourage them to collaborate with the teachers to see that their children learn their lessons well.

Demographics and Client Satisfaction on the Establishment of Driver’s License Renewal Office

Noreen Grace D. Donato — 2023-05-20

This research study is an effort to determine the relationship between demographics and client satisfaction on the establishment of Driver’s License Renewal Offices. A Purposive Sampling survey method was utilized in collecting data using a revised Client Survey Questionnaire based on the Land Transportation Office Client Satisfaction Measurement Survey Form. The demographics of respondents were taken into account in terms of gender and age bracket. This research study utilized the Descriptive Statistics and Hypothesis Testing using the P-Value approach in deriving the conclusion that there is no significant difference on Demographics and Client Satisfaction and the Land Transportation office should support the program of establishing additional Driver’s License Renewal Offices nationwide. Furthermore, this study has come to the conclusion that the majority of the clients at Driver’s License Renewal Offices have a high level of client satisfaction and demographics do not have a high contributing factor on assessing the level of client satisfaction. Regardless of sex and age, an efficient service delivery can be recognized and acknowledged.

Coping with Disruption using Social Media Marketing: A Full Throttle

Nelson B. Guillen Jr — 2023-05-20

This review expands our insights into how micro, small, and medium enterprises or MSMEs cope with disruption in Metro Manila in the Philippines using social media marketing. COVID-19 accelerated certain processes forcing local businesses to embrace digital marketing transformation. Thus, it enables local businesses to intensify their social media marketing (SMM) efforts to remain relevant due to a series of lockdowns and government-initiated restrictions. Based on the systematic review, the researcher proposes a conceptual framework to answer the question: How can MSMEs cope with disruption through social media marketing to attain positive brand equity? The proposed conceptual framework looked into synonymous themes such as marketing competencies (MC), omnichannel strategies (OC), and brand equity (BE). Within the process, MSMEs can optimize their social media marketing strategies as a springboard to reimagine the new normal with significance on how the business would aggrandize its resources. Moreover, as of October 2021, the entire nation has entered the post-pandemic period, making this study pertinent for local enterprises. Indeed, MSMEs attempt to bounce back from a two-year incubus.

Research Hesitancy in the Academe: A Multi-University Study in the Philippines

Cherry Ann G. Durante — 2023-05-20

ABSTRACT

Cultivating a culture of research in the academe is one of the goals of every institution of higher education in the Philippines. Despite of this, there exists a hesitation among faculty and non-teaching staff in engaging in research and publication. This study explored the reasons behind the decrease of research productivity in the academe in different higher education institutions in the Philippines. Sixteen faculty members from different disciplines were included in the study and were interviewed from November to December 2022. Employing a descriptive phenomenological research design, results showed that the causes of research hesitancy were summarized into four domains, namely: individual, institutional, scientific and professional domains. Under the individual domain, the themes of lack of confidence, lack of motivation, lack of time and lack of interest were identified. The institutional domain enumerated lack of research training, equipment, lack of research programs and funding deficiency. The scientific domain contained themes like lack of knowledge, skill and expertise in conduct of research and writing publishable papers. The professional domain identified themes that revolve around lack of access, lack mentors and lack of collaboration between faculty members. Based on the results of the study, all of the participants expressed the lack of funding support, which included tedious methods of acquiring such funding from the institution and other stakeholders as the primary cause of their hesitancy. Furthermore, participants expressed that individual factors that cause research hesitancy are most difficult to overcome as it pertains to past negative experiences, which led to the reluctance to be trained or to engage in research. The lack of a research culture within the institution was also linked to the absence of a clear research agenda and program, and capacity-building programs geared towards faculty researcher development.

Fast Food Love-themed Ads: Brand Experience in Storytelling

Raymond Allan G. Vergara — 2023-05-20

This study seeks to understand how the brand experience of Jollibee and McDonald's were co-created through its love-themed ads. Using a case-based approach and a netnographic data collection method, it finds that brand experience may be co-created individually and communally. Brands have many opportunities to engage with and co-create value with their consumers through engaging stories that consumers find relatable.

The Bidding Process of The Cebu Provincial Government: A Case Study

Kyll Deither E. Gabiana — 2023-05-20

The government can choose the best and most qualified suppliers or contractors through the bidding process, getting the most value for the money spent by the taxpayers. It encourages government procurement to be effective, efficient, and accountable while ensuring the public receives the most for their money. However, the bidding process, particularly in the government, has gotten negative perceptions from the public. For this reason, this case study wanted to explore the bidding process conducted by the Bids and Awards Committee and their perceived constraints as they reflect on the whole process. Also, adjusting schemes made by the officers to the perceived constraints was discussed. Six (6) key informants were selected by the researchers and interviewed individually. As the study employed Creswell’s method, three themes arose that serve the perceived constraints of the officers: (1) Uninterested Buyers, (2) Unqualified Bidders, and (3) the Availability of Signatory. On top of the themes, all key informants indicated that the Cebu Provincial Government’s bidding process followed RA 9184, known as “The Government Procurement Reform Act.” The researchers drew the conclusion that the Provincial Government should take action to ease these constraints by establishing a transformation program focused on improving the bidding process, notably in vetting the bidders' credentials and required paperwork in advance. As part of the program, the organization should embrace cutting-edge practices like digital project approval as the signatory is preoccupied with other crucial tasks.

Relationship of Stressors and Psychosocial Support with Occurrence of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Patients with Covid-19

Devanti Octavia Ellyamurti — 2023-05-20

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is common in COVID-19 survivors and can be caused by a variety of stressors, including the duration of infection, severity, and location of isolation when infected with COVID-19. Furthermore, public anxiety caused by the rapid increase in the number of cases and deaths caused by COVID-19 plays a role in the occurrence of PTSD. To reduce the risk of mental disorders, psychosocial support is required. The purpose of this study was to describe the incidence of PTSD in COVID-19 survivors, to describe aspects of psychosocial support for COVID-19 survivors, and to assess the relationship between stressor factors and psychosocial support and the occurrence of PTSD in COVID-19 survivors. This research used an analytical observational research design with a cross sectional approach, involving 149 respondents aged 17-65 years, 52 men and 97 women from the COVID-19 survivor community known as COVID Survivor Indonesia (CSI) in DKI Jakarta. The Medical Outcomes Study–Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS) and The Impact Of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) questionnaires were distributed via Google Form to collect data. Data was processed and analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) for Windows version 26.0, and results were analyzed using descriptive univariate and bivariate using Chi Square. There is a significant relationship between stressor factors and the occurrence of PTSD, specifically the duration of infection with COVID-19 (P = 0,026), severity when infected with COVID-19 (P = 0,027), and place of isolation when infected with COVID-19 (P = 0,023). Furthermore, there was a significant relationship between psychosocial support and the occurrence of PTSD (p = 0,001). Management of COVID-19 patients is required to detect stressor factors and provide psychosocial support so that COVID-19 survivors can return physical and psychological health.

Characterization of Alluvial Soil for Growth of Chinese Betel (Peperomia pellucida L.)

Charles Silahooy — 2023-05-20

This study aims to determine the characterization of alluvial soil as a place to grow Chinese betel (peperomia pellucida L.) in Ambon city. Parameters studied included morphological characterization of alluvial soil and description of Chinese betel nut (Peperomia pellucid a L.). The results of observations in the field and analysis of soil samples in the laboratory that have been collected are used as material to identify soil morphological characterization. Meanwhile Chinese betel nut (Peperomia pellucid a L.) collected from alluvial soil was selectively explored by exploring the research area using the Cruise Method. Furthermore, a phytochemical test was carried out to determine its phytochemical content. The results showed that the color of the soil and the rusty color of the alluvial soil in Ambon City was generally brown. The alluvial soil structure at the study site has an O horizon with a soil layer thickness of 17 cm, an A horizon with a thickness of 45 cm soil lumpy structure and a Bw horizon with a soil thickness of 30 cm and the C horizon with a thickness of 65 cm is classified as having a globular lumpy soil structure, It has a high clay and silt content. The lower the soil solum, the lower the C-organic content. The soil in Ambon city has moderate fertility. Low base saturation is associated with low C-organic content in the soil. Chinese sirih that grows on alluvial soil types in Ambon City contains several classes of compounds that are beneficial to health like flavonoids, alkaloids, tripenoids, phenolics, tannins and saponins so that they have ethnomedicin effects such as anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antihypertensive and antioxidant activities.

A Critical Review of Educational Games as a Tool for Strengthening Digital Literacy

Rohmani Rohmani — 2023-05-20

The digital era is an era where knowledge can be easily obtained anytime and anywhere as long as it is connected to the internet network. To be able to access knowledge requires a special skill called digital literacy skill. Digital literacy skills can be developed in various ways, one of which is through game-based learning. The purpose of this study is to identify the development of the use of games in education that has been carried out by previous researchers related to strengthening digital literacy. The method used to collect data is by a systematic review, which is a research method by collecting and summarizing all the best available research on a particular question, using a transparent protocol that can be replicated to find, evaluate, and synthesize relevant research evidence. The results of the study obtained data from the scopus.com database with the keywords educational games in digital literacy learning as many as 189 articles and 13 articles that met the inclusion criteria for analysis. The use of educational games to strengthen digital literacy has been carried out in several countries with different types of games with the scope of increasing digital literacy skills, Collaboration and creativity, Finding Information, Critical Thinking, and Social Understanding.

Development and Validation of Learning Activity Sheets in Rational Expressions and Linear Equations and Inequalities

Justine P Lacea — 2023-05-20

The purpose of this research study is to develop Learning Activity Sheets (LAS) in Rational Expressions and Linear Equations and Inequalities for the students. Data were collected via survey questionnaire from three sets of evaluators. The LAS was also administered from 100 students of New Society National High School to further scrutinize its validity. The results were interpreted and analysed using the rating scale and statistical tools including on-way ANOVA and mean.

Based from the results of the study, the researcher concluded that: there were fourteen competencies included in the developed LAS which are the not mastered and least mastered competencies of the students. The competency that received the highest mean percentage on the competency test was LAS 17 (graphs and illustrates a linear function and its (a) domain; (b) range; (c) table of values; (d) intercepts; and (e) slope). On the other hand, the competency that received the lowest mean percentage on the competency test was LAS 12 (solves problems involving systems of linear inequalities in two variables). The evaluators found the developed LAS to be effective and useful in terms of objectives, concepts, skills, usability, appropriateness, and adequacy with an interpreted mean rating of very high extent. The researcher also concluded that there is no significant difference in the standard response of the evaluators which is composed of Grade 8 math teachers, master teachers, and LRMDS-trained teachers. Based on the mean percentage results of the administered LAS, there was also a considerable improvement in the students' learning.

Early Growth of Cloned Lipote (Syzygium polycephaloides)

Shierel F. Vallesteros — 2023-05-20

This study aimed to propagate lipote cuttings through clonal propagation using different growth hormones. The clones were raised in a non-misted closed chamber and transplanted into polyethylene bags for observation of their early growth. The growth performance of the clones was analyzed in terms of height, diameter, leaf number, chlorophyll content, leaf area, shoot biomass, root biomass, and total biomass. After three months, the study was terminated, and analysis of variance showed significant differences in percent survival, chlorophyll content, shoot biomass, and root biomass. Treatment 2, which used a mixture of garden soil and vermicompost at a 1:1 ratio, produced the best results in different growth parameters measurements.

Preparedness among Reserve Officers' Training Corps Graduates on the Rigors of ROTC and Defense Security: Basis for Policy Enhancement

Jilmar S. Gantalao — 2023-05-20

The Philippines Reserve Officers' Training Corps aims to provide military education and training for students to mobilize them for national defense preparedness. This study aimed to assess the rigor of the Philippine Reserve Officers' Training Corps, and defense and security preparedness among ROTC graduates in selected universities in the Philippines, and determined the significant difference in the perceived level of preparedness on the rigor of the Philippine RTOC among Military Science courses graduates in selected universities such as: physical organization of cadets, combat training of individual soldiers, regional annual administrative and tactical inspection, drill and ceremonies, infantry, rescue, field artillery, and; civil operation activities as assessed by the three groups of respondents. Moreover, the study also determined the significant difference in the perceived level of preparedness on defense and security such as: internal security operations, territorial defense, disaster response, international defense, security engagements, international humanitarian assistance, peacekeeping operations, and support to national development as assessed by the two (2) groups of respondents. This study utilized a descriptive correlational research design. The study covered 200 respondents; composed of 100 Military Science 42 Graduates, and 100 Military Science 43 graduates conducted during the School Year 2022 – 2023. Generally, the respondents were Highly Prepared for the rigor of the Reserved Officers Training Corps. On the other hand, the respondents were Highly Prepared on defense and security as embedded in the Reserved Officers Training Corps. Further studies may be conducted using empirical evidence to further the implementation of ROTC mandates, supplementation to an early career in AFP, and the impact of ROTC on both high school and college graduates in the Philippines.

Enhanced Learning Continuity Framework Using Online Teaching as Alternative Delivery Modality

Mary Chandra R. Hermosisima — 2023-05-20

This study explores the integration of technology platforms in online modular learning and proposes an enhanced learning continuity framework using online teaching as an alternative delivery modality. The study captures participants’ experiences related to online modular education through surveys by employing a qualitative approach. The findings demonstrate that integrating technological platforms enhances learning continuity. Online teaching offers flexible and accessible learning experiences, fostering effective teaching and learning. The study emphasizes the significance of comprehensive technical infrastructure, blended learning approaches, pedagogical and learner support services, continuous assessment, and a healthy learning environment in crafting the framework. The framework emphasizes robust technological infrastructure, training programs, blended learning approaches, pedagogical support, diverse assessment strategies, and a healthy learning environment by addressing challenges like the digital divide, technical difficulties, and lack of face-to-face interaction, flexibility, adaptability, and continuous evaluation are emphasized to address specific institutional and learner needs. Implementing the framework requires collaboration among educational institutions, policymakers, and communities to create inclusive online learning environments. Efforts should be made to ensure equitable access to reliable internet connections, support disadvantaged learners, and foster creativity through interactive activities. Monitoring and evaluation play a vital role in tracking progress and making informed decisions for improvement. This study provides a foundation for institutions to develop an enhanced learning continuity framework using online teaching. By optimizing the benefits of online modular learning while addressing challenges, the framework promotes effective teaching and learning in the online education landscape.

Assessment Challenges Encountered by Teachers in the Implementation of Printed Modular Distance Learning

Jaybie S. Arzaga — 2023-05-20

The COVID-19 pandemic brought about unprecedented challenges in the field of education. Printed Modular Distance Learning (PMDL) was one of the most challenging modes of instruction in basic education, and the assessment stage posed specific difficulties for secondary school teachers in the Schools Division of Puerto Princesa City during the School Year 2020-2021. This research aimed to explore the real-life experiences of 15 secondary school teachers who taught via PMDL. Using a phenomenological study, the researcher conducted individual interviews with the teachers, who were chosen through purposive sampling. The study found that teachers encountered various challenges during the implementation of PMDL, with specific difficulties arising during the assessment stage. One of the significant problems reported by the participants was the submission of unanswered or incomplete modules by some students. Additionally, some learners had modules that were answered by their parents or other family members, while others copied answers directly from the internet or answer keys. The lack of names on modules and illegible handwriting also added to the challenges experienced by the teachers. Furthermore, the sheer volume of modules to be checked was a significant challenge for the participants. To ensure the quality and validity of module-based assessments, it is recommended that guidelines be provided to learners, monitoring and feedback mechanisms be put in place, and policies that prevent cheating be implemented. Educators should also have workload management strategies to ensure timely grading and feedback.

Peer-Led Team Learning: A Strategy to Enhance Research Productivity and Competence

Amelia L. Cortidor — 2023-05-20

Research productivity and competence of teachers play a critical role in promoting evidence-based teaching practices and enhancing the quality of education. Hence, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of Peer-Led Team Learning (PLTL) in enhancing teachers’ research productivity and competence. A purposive sampling technique was used to select the 110 teacher participants and the pre-experimental research design was utilized. Statistical treatment such as frequencies, percentages, and weighted mean were used to determine research productivity and teachers' competence. Results revealed that more than 98% (108) out of 110 teacher participants had completed their studies, and teachers possess a high level of competence in action research (AR). Competence about context and rationale (60.91%), proposed innovation, intervention, strategy (67.27%), action research questions (56.36%), action research methods (60.00%), results and discussion (54.55%), and work plan (64.55%) are all in a high level of competence. About 44.54% (49) out of 110 teacher participants were in a moderate level of competence, and almost 2% still in a low level of AR competence. The research output is the best indicator and the most concrete manifestation that the teachers are capable and competent in writing and conducting AR. Completed AR output is a positive determinant of the teachers' knowledge and skills in action research. Likewise, PLTL is an effective strategy for enhancing teachers' competence in AR. Recommended that (1) AR competency-enhancement training through Action Research Kumustahan, Assessment, and Technical Assistance (AR-KATA) program be conducted in schools; (2) District-organized and school-based research activities utilizing PLTL strategy be implemented and sustained; and (3) Seminars, training, and development research work-related experience and accomplishments of the teachers be included as one of the criteria in selecting and hiring of teachers.

Effect of the Directive and Non-directive Inspection Approaches on Teach-er Instructional Effectiveness in Government- aided Primary Schools in Nakisunga County, Uganda

Joseph Lubwama Ntege — 2023-05-20

This study investigated the effect of the directive and non-directive school inspection approaches on teacher instructional effectiveness. While teacher instructional effectiveness was studied in terms of reporting on pupil academic achievements, teacher attitudes, effective planning, attendance and pedagogical approaches, the directive School inspection approach was studied in terms of directing and evaluation of teacher knowledge yet the non-directive approach was studied in terms of team planning and consultations. A cross-sectional survey mixed research design using the quantitative and qualitative approaches on a sample of 178 people namely teachers, head teachers, school inspectors and education officers was adopted. While quantitative data was collected using survey questionnaires and analysed using inferential analysis, qualitative data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions and analysed by grouping the responses in themes which were merged with quantitative findings. The findings showed that all the attributes of directive inspection approach were positively insignificant to teacher instructional effectiveness explaining that they had no impact on teacher instructional effectiveness. Similarly, team planning had a positive and insignificant relationship meaning that it had no effect on teacher instructional effectiveness. In conclusion, only team planning had effect on teacher instructional effectiveness and consultation did not have any effect. It was recommended that school inspectors should use the non-directive inspection approach because of sub-variable team planning that had a positive effect on teacher instructional effectiveness.

Pedagogical Competence Towards Technology-driven Instruction on Basic Education

Liza L. Mariscal — 2023-05-20

This study investigates the pedagogical competence of elementary school teachers in integrating educational technology in the classroom. Pedagogical competence involves creating effective learning environments, designing activities that cater to different learning styles, and using appropriate teaching strategies. Technology integration in education has opened up new opportunities for interactive learning experiences. The study found that elementary school teachers had a positive attitude towards educational technology, and most reported having high levels of competence in its use. However, the level of pedagogical competence toward educational technology varied significantly among teachers. Hence, the study emphasizes the need for programs and interventions to improve teachers’ pedagogical competence in integrating educational technology into their teaching practices. Teachers must identify appropriate technological tools and resources to effectively incorporate educational technology to support their teaching objectives and engage students in meaningful learning experiences. Teachers must also assess students’ technical skills and design activities appropriate for their technological competency level. The study recommends that elementary school teachers undergo training to improve their pedagogical competence in using educational technology. Thus, integrating technology into education is crucial in providing high-quality education in the 21st century. Programs are needed to improve teachers’ pedagogical competence in incorporating it into their teaching practices.

Effect of the Collaborative School Inspection Approach on Teacher Instruc-tional Effectiveness in Government-aided Primary Schools of Nakisunga County, Mukono District, Uganda

Joseph Lubwama Ntege — 2023-05-20

The study investigated the effect of the collaborative school inspection approach on teacher instructional effectiveness in government-aided primary schools in Nakisunga County, Mukono district, Uganda. Teacher instructional effectiveness was studied in terms of reporting on pupil academic achievements, teacher attitudes, effective planning, attendance and pedagogical approaches. Collaborative school inspection approaches were studied in terms of support supervision, feedback, trust and respect. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey mixed research design which used both quantitative and qualitative approaches on a sample of 178 people that included teachers, head teachers, school inspectors and education officers, all from Nakisunga County, Mukono district. While Quantitative data was collected using self-administered survey questionnaires, qualitative data was collected using interviews and focus group discussions. Data collected quantitatively was analysed using inferential analysis yet qualitative data was analysed by grouping the responses from the head teachers, school inspectors and education officers in themes which were merged with quantitative findings. The findings showed that all the sub-variables of the collaborative school inspection approach were positively significant to teacher instructional effectiveness. It was concluded that the collaborative school inspection approach has impact, on teacher instructional effectiveness. Therefore, it was recommended that because the collaborative school inspection approach has impact on teacher instructional effectiveness it should be used in government-aided primary school inspection activities always and vigilantly because all its sub-variables were positively significant to teacher instructional effectiveness.

A Personal Narrative Experience of Teachers Teaching Purposive Commu-nication During the New Normal Education

Fahad Abdul Salendab — 2023-05-20

This study explored the teachers’ teaching experiences in purposive communication during the new normal education setup at Sultan Kudarat State University-Kalamansig Campus. Qualitative research design using the narrative research methods was the research design of this study. It used non-probability purposive sampling as the sampling technique. There were five (5) teachers handling purposive communication. Moreover, this study employed a semi-structured interview guide with open-ended questions. The data were analyzed using Colizzi’s thematic analysis.

The teachers' experiences teaching purposive communication seem fruitful and efficient for students learning. Classes were conducted using the blended learning approach. Due to internet connectivity issues, Asynchronous was the typical learning mode than synchronous session. Further, the learning assessment was found to be unauthentic because it was conducted using asynchronous mode. Internet connectivity and power interruptions were the greatest challenges ever experienced by the teachers. Their coping mechanism included psychological health and well-being and proactive and approach-oriented application. The use of a personal budget is also included.

It is concluded that teachers have issues in lesson planning, classroom management, internet connectivity, and managing students' virtual behavior in the new normal environment. Teachers have utilized a variety of strategies to overcome difficulties.

It is recommended that the institution should provide planning programs as a foundation for new normal teaching and perform a series of studies on instructors' experiences in the new normal educational scheme. The faculty should evaluate the practicability of their teaching methods to satisfy the needs of students with diverse cultures during the new normal.

Disney Magic through the Disney Guest Experience

Raymond Allan Vergara — 2023-05-20

This study discusses how Disney delivers a unique and memorable guest experience. Through subjective personal introspection, it examines Disney's approach to co-creating a profound guest experience. The Disney guest experience is profound because it delivers an experience that touches on all six dimensions of an experience: sensorial, emotional, cognitive, pragmatic, lifestyle, and relational.

Performance of Edible Mushroom Varieties Under Different Agricultural Substrates

Mohammad D. Dollison — 2023-05-20

The study was conducted at Dr. Emilio B. Espinosa, Sr. Memorial State College of Agriculture and Technology (DEBESMSCAT) Cabitan, Mandaon, Masbate. The experimental design used was 3 x 7 CRD factorial with three varieties of mushrooms (Pink Oyster, White Abalone, and Milky Mushroom), seven agricultural substrates as treatments, Treatment A (70% rice straw and 30% sawdust), Treatment B (70% rice straw and 30% corn cob), Treatment C (70% rice straw and 30% Carbonized Rice Hull), Treatment D (100% rice straw), Treatment E (100% sawdust), Treatment F (100% corn cob) and Treatment G (100% Carbonized Rice Hull). The experiment was replicated three times with a total of 945 fruiting bags. Height, fresh weight, and the number of fruiting bodies are the data that was observed in the study. The result showed that in terms of growth performance, a nonsignificant result was observed in the height performance of the mushroom varieties inoculated in substrates with 70% rice straw, 30% corn cob, and 100% carbonized rice hull. Similarly, the number of mushroom fruiting bodies produced differed among mushroom varieties inoculated. Mushrooms inoculated in 100% carbonized rice hull attained more fruiting bodies than other tested varieties. Mushrooms inoculated in 100% corn cob produced a significantly higher number of mushroom fruiting bodies than other treatments. Finally, the weight of mushroom fruiting bodies produced in 70% rice straw and 30% carbonized rice hull applications was statistically significant for all agricultural substrates inoculated. The researcher concluded that using agricultural substrates other than carbonized rice is effective in mushroom production.

College of Arts and Sciences Graduates’ Performance: A Tracer Study

Christian Sam F. Camuyong — 2023-05-20

The current undertaking aimed to trace the employability of Bachelor of Science in Biology and Bachelor of Science in Psychology graduates of a State University in Central Luzon, Philippines from 2005 to 2020. Descriptive- quantitative research design was utilized in order to describe and trace the participants’ demographic profile, employment status, and their professional development. Graduates' personal, educational and employment background, as well as their perception to the relevance of the baccalaureate degree in their employment were collected using a survey- questionnaire anchored from CHED’s graduate tracer instrument. The study gathered data from 173 graduates through convenience sampling. Electronic survey forms were used in gathering the data and utilized SPSS version 23 for statistical analysis. Consequently, the collected data revealed that 94.7% of the participants were employed and 67% of them perceived that their degree is relevant to their employment. Lastly, the graduates reported that communication skills were the main contributory skill to their employment developed by their respective programs, while collaborative skills were the most useful.

Audio –Visual Input for Improving the Cognitive Skills of Grade 10 Students in Araling Panlipunan

Norielyn R. Privado — 2023-05-20

This study aimed to improve the cognitive competence of the students by utilizing audio-visual inputs. The study employed the one-group-pretest-posttest research design under a pre-experimental study participated by 34 Grade Ten (10) respondents in San Isidro National High School who were chosen using the cluster sampling technique. This study utilized a one-group-pretest-posttest research design under a pre-experimental study. Data were gathered using pre-test and post-test questionnaires validated by the experts. Standard deviation and weighted mean were used to analyze the pre-test and post-test scores. T-test was used to calculate the significant difference. The study’s findings revealed a significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores. Specifically, perception has a .008 significant difference, attention with a .006 significant difference, memory with a .005 significant difference, and logical reasoning with a .007 considerable difference.

Learning Style of Grade Eight Students: Basis on Enhancing Historical Thinking Skills Using Contextualized Learning Activities in Araling Panlipunan

Rose Ann E. Andal — 2023-05-20

This study aimed to craft contextualized learning activities based on student learning style with the evaluation of its effectiveness and the relationship with the perceived effectiveness of material to student historical thinking skills. This employed the descriptive correlational design of quantitative method as participated by 53 Grade Eight (8) respondents in San Isidro National High School who were chosen using the purposive sampling procedures. The data were gathered using pretest questionnaires, survey questionnaires, evaluation questionnaires, and posttest questionnaires which are validated with the help of the experts. Data communications were established before data gathering procedures and were analyzed using mean, standard deviation, and Pearson R. Findings revealed that the students prefer the visual learning style in studying Araling Panlipunan MELCS 1-8, the LA is generally agreed to be effective as to content in terms of adequacy (OWM=3.45, agree); coherence (OWM=3.44, agree); appropriateness (OWM=3.40, agree); and usefulness (OWM=3.43, acceptable). There was no significant relationship between the perceived effectiveness of the material and student’s historical thinking skills. The study recommends that to improve the efficiency of teaching and learning, Araling Panlipunan teachers may develop further their historical thinking abilities. This will also improve students' acquisition of these abilities.

Why Crowdfund? Motivations of Philippine-Based Project Owners and Backers

Raymond Allan G. Vergara — 2023-05-20

This study examines why project owners and campaign backers participate in crowdfunding. It explores what motivates crowdfunding participants to seek funding or fund projects using a multiple-case study approach. This study finds that project owners are motivated to crowdfund because of financial and marketing benefits. On the other hand, campaign backers are motivated to fund campaigns because they want early access to products, participate in the community, and support the project for altruistic motives.

Effects of Drumstick Tree (Moringa oleifera) and Lemongrass (Cymbopo-gon citratus) Leaf Extracts on the Growth Performance of Chickens

Analyn M. Moniño — 2023-05-21

This study aimed to investigate the impact of drumstick tree and lemongrass leaf extracts on the growth performance and economic returns of broilers and kabir chicks by administering the two leaf extracts in their drinking water. A total of 90 straight-run day-old broilers and 90 Kabir chicks were used, and a two-factor complete randomized design factorial experiment with three treatments and six replicates was employed. The birds' weights were measured at one day old, 21 days, and 35 days to determine their body weights and weight development, while feed consumption, feed conversion efficiency, dressing percentage, and livability rates were also measured. Duncan's Multiple Range Test was used to analyze the data. The results revealed that the birds on the control treatment (T0) exhibited inferior performance in all parameters compared to those on T1 and T2. The addition of lemongrass and drumstick tree leaf extract (10ml/liter) to chicken drinking water resulted in reduced feed consumption and improved feed conversion efficiency. The treated chicken also exhibited greater dressing percentages (with or without giblets). At the end of the trial, the cumulative livability rate in the treatment group was significantly (P<0.01) higher than that in the control group. These findings suggest that lemongrass and drumstick tree leaf extracts can promote chicken development.

Gulayan Sa Paaralan (School Garden) Program Coordinators Production Practices: Basis for Capacity-Building Program

Roger Y. Ibañez, Jr. — 2023-05-22

Malnutrition is a pressing concern in the Philippines, and the Gulayan sa Paaralan Program (GPP) was initiated to combat this issue. This study aimed to investigate the production techniques employed by GPP coordinators in their various school gardens in connection with the school-based feeding program. The study employed a descriptive survey research design and collected data through a survey questionnaire administered to 49 GPP coordinators in the Municipality of Cawayan. Descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation were used to analyze the collected data. The findings showed that the majority of GPP coordinators utilized organic fertilizers in their school gardens, and the most commonly grown vegetables were pechay, tomatoes, and eggplants. Nevertheless, the coordinators faced several challenges, including managing pests and diseases, and procuring sufficient resources such as water, labor, and tools. The study recommends training GPP coordinators on good agricultural practices, establishing a community-managed school garden system, and allocating adequate resources for the program's sustainability to address these challenges. The study's results demonstrate that the successful implementation of GPP in schools can lead to increased vegetable output and the eradication of malnourished children in schools. As a result, supporting and strengthening the GPP program is critical to combating malnutrition in the Philippines. The study's findings provide valuable insights for policymakers and stakeholders interested in developing and improving the GPP program. Overall, this study serves as a foundation for future research and interventions aimed at reducing malnutrition and improving food security in the Philippines.

Learning Purposive Communication: A Personal Narrative Experience of Non-Teacher Education Students

Fahad Abdul Salendab — 2023-05-23

This research explored the learning experiences of non-teacher education students enrolled in Purposive Communication at Sultan Kudarat State University-Kalamansig Campus. The study employed a qualitative design and non-probability purposive sampling. This study included six(6) non-teacher education students participants, such as students taking BS in Information Technology, BS in Biology, and BS in Fisheries. For data collection and collection, a semi-structured interview guide question was used. Colizzi’s thematic analysis was employed to analyze the data. The learning experiences of non-teacher education students in purposive communication revealed that they enjoyed learning Purposive communication through hybrid learning. Various performance tasks were provided for the students to perform, and these tasks are based on real-life experience. In performing these tasks, English was evident as a medium of instruction. Non-teacher education students can integrate responsive examples in the community and the global arena.

Further, the most common challenges experienced by non-teacher education students were technical issues, distractions, time management, understanding course expectations, lack of in-person interaction, adapting to unfamiliar technology, and uncertainty about the future. It is recommended that the institution implement a monitoring strategy that would sustain the teaching methods employed by the teachers to make the teaching-learning process effective and productive in Purposive communication. The institution must provide sound-based classroom management during the new normal education and religiously implement hybrid learning to maintain the learning process. The institution should provide learning tools for poor but deserving non-teacher education students to assist them in learning Purposive communication even in times of educational crisis.

Classification of Soil Distribution on the Island of Saparua Based on the Soil Classification System National and the Equivalent to Soil Taxonomy

Robby. G. Risamasu — 2023-05-26

This research aims to classify the distribution of soils on Saparua Island, Central Maluku Regency, based on the Subardja, D, et al, (2016) and soil taxonomy (SSS, 2022). The benefit of this research is to find out the distribution of soils on Saparua Island to support the regional development plan. The method used is the survey method, with a semi-detailed survey level of a 1:50,000 scale. The pattern of the approach used is a physiographic analysis approach to landscapes, in which the research area is divided into terrestrial units based on the similarity of the properties of the variables that influence soil formation. The base map used in this study is a land unit map with a scale of 1:50,000. The results showed that the factors and processes involved in soil formation in the study area were parent material and topography, leaching, and eluviation processes. The soils found consisted of seven types of soil with 11 subgroups, namely: Regosol Eutric (Typic Udipsamments and Lithic Udipsamments), Litosol (Lithic Udorthents), Kambisol Distrik (Typic Dystrudepts), Kambisol Litik (Lithic Eutrudepts), Gleisol Eutrik (Typic Endoaquents and Aquic Eutrudepts), Gleisol Distrik (Typic Haplaquepts), Podsolik Kandik (Typic Hapludults and Typic Kandik), and Organosol Hemik (Hydric Tropohemists) were also found.

Scenario- Based Learning Approach for Enhancing the Critical Thinking Skills of Grade 9 Students in Araling Panlipunan

Lyn L. Joaquin — 2023-05-26

This study examined the efficacy of Scenario- Based Learning (SBL) Approach for enhancing the Critical thinking skills of Grade 9 students in Araling Panlipunan. Scenario- Based Learning Approach is a student centred approach in Araling Panlipunan and suited to the 21^st century learners. Thus, this descriptive quasi-experimental research design determined the cause and effect of SBL approach to the critical thinking skills of 40 Grade 9 students of Col. Lauro D. Dizon Memorilal Integrated High School. The results were analysed using mean and standard deviation, t-test and Pearson-r correlation. The study revealed that using SBL approach, students can become more involved, motivated, and develop their real-world skills. Application of SBL approach had great impact in the learning process. Moreover, there was a significant difference in the responses of learners in the pre-test and posttest. It means that the quality and content of SBL approach has positive impact on the learning process in critical thinking skills. This approach become more effective in critical thinking skills as learners had been able to remember, reason and pay attention to SBL approach video lesson. In addition, usage of technology improved learning. The opportunities for teaching with audio visual lessons are ideally adapted to the learners’ environment. Thus, learning scenario encourages students to think about what they have learned.

Differentiated Instruction in In-Person Classes and the Enhancement of Analytical Thinking Skills of Grade 7 Students in Araling Panlipunan

Mark Paul I. Emralino — 2023-05-27

Differentiated instruction aims to meet the individual differences and learning styles of students through different classroom management strategies. This research study investigated the utilization of differentiated instruction and the enhancement of analytical thinking skills of Grade 7 students in Araling Panlipunan in Col. Lauro D. Dizon Memorial Integrated High School. This research study employed a quasi-experimental research design specifically a Pretest-Posttest Nonequivalent Groups Design. Two regular sections consisting of eighty (80) heterogeneously-grouped learners comprised the experimental group and control group. This study utilized a homogenous convenience sampling wherein two (2) equal groups of learners from two heterogenous sections were identified. The researcher constructed three self-made semi-detailed lesson plans to cover the first three weeks of third grading period incorporated with differentiated instruction approach. Survey questionnaire and pre-test and post-test were utilized. Frequency and percentage were utilized. Mean and standard deviation was also utilized. Pearson-moment correlation was used in measuring the perception of the respondents. Furthermore, Paired Samples T-test were utilized for the pre-test and post-test instrument. Findings of the study revealed that the students perceived the use of differentiated instruction as to content, process, product, and affect/environment as "observed". The experimental group performed better compared to the control group. There is a significant difference between the pre-test and posttest scores of both the control and experimental groups. There is no significant relationship between the perception on the use of differentiated instruction and the analytical thinking skills of students in Araling Panlipunan.

Managing Uncertainties in Human Resource Management during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Evitha Soraya — 2023-05-29

This study aimed at providing information to help HR practitioners understand the uncertainties caused by COVID-19 by addressing questions on what certainties are faced by HR practitioners in the education sector; what factors are seen as stressors, what characteristics need to be developed, and what solutions are proposed to overcome uncertainties in this pandemic of COVID-19. This qualitative study used a cross-sectional survey design. Electronic questionnaires were employed to collect qualitative data from 40 respondents based on purposive sampling. The study reveals that there are various types of uncertainties faced by HR managers or practitioners, ranging from organization operation to the ability to predict employees’ plans and actions. The main stressor during the pandemic is employees' safety perceptions of threats and risk of COVID-19 transmission. Others are the drastic change in the way of work and job insecurity and lack of valid information about COVID-19. Resilience, tolerance, and curiosity are the qualities that need to be developed by HR managers or practitioners. To overcome the uncertainties, HR Managers and practitioners could provide training on technology and competency development as the best strategy to overcome the uncertainties. Optimizing channels of communication, preparing transparency plans, providing facilities to support teleworking management, and arranging of work flexibility policy are alter strategies.

Assessment of Employability Skills of Technical-Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Graduates: Basis for an Enhancement Program

Rayhanah P. Mariano — 2023-05-29

The study aims to determine the employability skills of Technical-Vocational Education and Training Graduates of Valenzuela City Polytechnic College.

This study was carried out to 423 graduates of TVET using convenience sampling and forty-five (45) employers who were selected purposively in the City of Valenzuela. The respondents had completed the TVET program. A survey questionnaire, document analysis and an interview guide were used. Frequency, percentage, and weighted mean were utilized in the statistical analysis and handling of the data.

Among 423 TVET graduates of ValPoly from 2015 to 2019, majority are employed which had an employment rate of 87.94 percent, compared to a rate of 12.06 percent for those who were unemployed. Carpentry obtained the highest employment rate while the bread and pastry production got the lowest employment rate. The year 2019 also has the highest rate while respondents who graduated in 2016 have the lowest employment rate.

Half of the employed graduates acquired a "regular status". Despite the skills mismatch, graduates have managed to seek employment related to their training right after graduation. Communication skills is the most useful skill in the workplace.

ValPoly has provided comprehensive and effective programs and provisions that enhance graduates' employability skills. TVET graduates employed were assessed as highly competent by their employers. Several factors that facilitate the acquisition of employment. A proposed enhancement program for the employability skills of TVET graduates is formulated based on findings of this study to ensure that all graduates will be equipped with skills for employment.

Evaluation of the Implementation of Crime Prevention Strategies of the Philippine National Police in Ormoc City, Leyte in the Context of the Covid-19 Pandemic

Nancy Hernando Molas — 2023-05-29

The COVID-19 Pandemic had made the Philippines to face various expanding crime rates which became a valuable issue in the country. These wrongdoings had operationally pushed the Philippine National Police to see and assess different crime activities that had been concurring consistently. This made the PNP to established community public security which then is called to be crime prevention strategies. This confronts the transition of different conflicting state including actions that inflicts harm to the populace. However, the known implemented strategies were not observed whether these promotes consistent advantage security or implementation were not addressed properly. Therefore, this study aims to determine the evaluation of the implementation of crime prevention strategies of the Philippine National Police in Ormoc City, Leyte in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic. A descriptive quantitative was used in purposive sampling was employed to obtain the 125 respondents of the study mainly PNP personnel and barangay captain. A self-constructed questionnaire with 4-point Likert scale has undergone a pilot study among 25 known respondents wherein the actual run was done through online survey. The result had shown that indicators including the crime prevention activities as to prevention strategies shows no significant differences. However, sustainability of the strategies establishes
relationship with the demographic profile. Therefore, the study had concluded that the null hypothesis must be accepted which pertains that the strategies of the PNP towards crime prevention is not highly significant with the demographic profile.