International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research
Name: International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research E-ISSN: 2774-5368 DOI: 10.11594/ijmaber Period: Monthly (Since 2021) Indexing and Abstracting: Google Scholar, Crossref, Dimensions, ROAD, Scilit, Garuda, ICI Copernicus, ScienceGate, ISI Indexing, Semantic Scholar, EBSCO and others in progress Partnered with: ReviewerCredits and Publons Publication Guidelines: COPE Guidelines Publisher: Future Science, Malang, Indonesia / FSH-PH Publications, Subic, Zambales, Philippines Founded: 2020 Article Processing Charges 45 USD / Papers. The International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research is peer-reviewed on a monthly basis and publishes full-length papers with a fast review process. It is to enhance the dissemination of knowledge across the multidisciplinary community. We are particularly interested in papers relevant to all disciplines. The editorial board has kept receiving articles that address all areas. Topics: Arts, Business, Economics, and Management; Current Events and Controversial Issues; Education and Social Work; Health Sciences; Humanities; Natural and Physical Sciences; Social Sciences; and Other Relevant Multidisciplinary.
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Awareness and Utilization of PhilHealth’s Primary Care Benefit and KonSulTa (YaKap) Program Among Barangay Health Workers in Rural Kalinga, Philippines
Section: Articles Categories: Management, Education and Social Work Keywords: PhilHealth, KonSulTa Program, Primary Care Benefit (PCB), Barangay Health Workers, alth Service Utilization, Rural Health Care, Kalinga Province This study looked at how aware Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) and their dependents are of PhilHealth’s Primary Care Benefit (PCB) and KonSulTa (YaKap) Program, and how often they use these services and change their health seeking behavior for health services such as proactive enrollment, routine consultations, and early intervention. This study was conducted in the selected rural municipalities of Kalinga, Philippines. Although the program was created to strengthen primary health care under the Universal Health Care Act, the findings suggest that many frontline health workers are not fully informed about the program or are not able to access its services easily. The study aimed to find out how familiar BHWs are with the different parts of the program and how often they use services such as enrollment, First Patient Encounter, medical consultations, diagnostic tests, and medicines. It also identified the common problems that prevent them from using these services. A total of 115 Barangay Health Workers (BHWs) were included in the study, which included structured questions and semi-structured interviews. Data were further subjected using cross-sectional descriptive research. Results revealed that awareness of the PCB/YaKap Program with 34.88% low awareness among respondents, limited utilization of 22.95%, and 76.18% have identified challenges, which includes inadequate information dissemination, procedural complexity, logistical challenges, inconsistent service availability, long waiting times and staffing limitations. The study also found that awareness and usage did not significantly differ based on age, sex, civil status, years of service, or educational background.
Copyright (c) 2026 Hideko Apaling Apilado https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Smart Queuing and Appointment Management System for Client Services in Bulacan State University Bustos Campus
Section: Articles Categories: Management Keywords: Smart Queuing System, Appointment Management System, Client Service Efficiency, Web-Based Information System, University Administrative Services, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), ISO/IEC 25010 Software Quality, Agile Software Development Life Cycle Client service efficiency has been a key issue in academic institutions as the rise in student populations overburdens the administrative functions of institutions. To eliminate the issues of manual queuing and appointment systems, this paper has developed the Smart Queuing and Appointment Management System, the web-based system that targets the administration of Bulacan State University -Bustos Campus. The system is expected to simplify the flow of clients, decrease waiting time and improve service delivery by using automated queue management, online scheduling and real time monitoring of transactions. The project was designed in HTML, CSS, JavaScript, PHP, and MySQL and adhered to the Agile Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) to guarantee iterative user-driven enhancement of the project. To measure the performance and acceptability of the system, the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the ISO/IEC 25010:2023 Software Quality Standards were used, and the techniques were functionality, usability, reliability, and efficiency. The evaluation involved 50 respondents, who were recorded in terms of surveys and interviews, and they were a combination of students, administrative staff, and IT specialists. The result showed that the system had a general weighted mean of 4.59 according to ISO/IEC 25010, which is interpreted as Strongly Agree, and this shows a high-quality functionality, reliability and usability. Under TAM, the responses of staff and students were very positive and the weighted means of responses were 4.84 and 4.45, respectively. These findings indicate that the system is successfully used to increase administrative efficiencies, reduce congestion as well as client satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2026 Alaina Thea V. Concepcion, Anthony U. Concepcion, Clarisse Ann A. Guinto, Christian Araza, Rhye Dayrone H. Imperio, Beverly Regaas, Nino Marine N. Perez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mapping Research Trends on Emotional Intelligence and Leadership: A Bibliometric Analysis
Section: Articles Categories: Current Events and Controversial Issues Keywords: Bibliometric analysis, Emotional Intelligence, Leadership, Collaboration networks, Scientometric trends This study investigates emotional intelligence with respect to leadership research by analyzing 1881 Scopus-indexed relevant documents from between 1952 and 2024. Through bibliometric analysis using VOSviewer and the Bibliometrix package in R, the mapping has been analyzed for publication trends, leading authors, influential journals, conceptual themes, and global collaboration networks. The results reveal scholarly activity moving slowly at first but then accelerating significantly starting in 2010, which coincides with the growing recognition of emotional intelligence as an important factor in effective leadership and high organizational performance. Some notable authors are Boyatzis, Stoller, and Humphrey whose works are tending to be referred to for continuing to shape research development. The analysis of themes denotes two major areas: (1) Individual emotional skill, psychological dimension, and personality trait-centered research and (2) studies on the use of emotional intelligence in leadership, teamwork, interaction, and organizational management in workplaces. Integration of Emotional Intelligence theory with leadership practice is still limited despite a good number of publications, as much output is concentrated in management and healthcare, with many other industries missing out. Moreover, collaboration patterns indicate strong inputs from Western countries while developing regions remain less visible. These results imply that, despite the further development of the area, there are considerable gaps in the research, especially regarding the integration of emotional intelligence and online leadership situations, management teams, and artificial-intelligence-based organizational frameworks, and in the cross-cultural and underrepresented regional contexts.
Copyright (c) 2026 Joshua Michael H. Balitustus, Norielle L. Sarmiento, Abegail U. Tayam, Jennifer P. Solis https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Mixed-Methods Analysis of Oral Proficiency of Tertiary ESL Students: Basis for Pedagogical Intervention
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: English as a second language, mixed methods, oral proficiency, pedagogical interventions, tertiary students State universities and colleges in the Philippines adopted English as the primary medium of instruction, with speaking playing a significant role as part of the four basic skills when learning a language. Therefore, the study explored the perceived oral proficiency of tertiary students in a state university, with ESL teachers suggesting possible interventions to improve the effectiveness of teaching and learning oral English skills. A sequential explanatory mixed methods design was used, where simple random sampled respondents among tertiary students answered online survey questionnaires, while conveniently sampled ESL teachers answered the supplementary open-ended questions based on the initial quantitative results. Through descriptive analysis, students were found to have generally decent oral proficiency skills, with strong to neutral agreement on the influence of environmental and psychological factors. The teachers then interpreted the quantitative results, saying that for oral proficiency skills, students had satisfactory skills, a lack of self-assurance in those skills, and a need for targeted support for those skills, while for environmental and psychological factors, students had confused self-concepts, primarily extrinsic motivation for learning, and an appreciation for their learning environment. ESL teachers suggested speech practice and integration, interactive activities, and real-world experiences as pedagogical interventions for oral proficiency and motivating experiences, acceptance of mistakes, and safe learning environments for the factors of oral proficiency. Besides taking into consideration the possible pedagogical interventions, the researcher recommended expanding research on the structures and variables that affect oral proficiency skills.
Copyright (c) 2026 Maribeth A. Bante https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Assessing STEM Career Interest among Senior High School Students: Implementation of the STEM-CIS in the Pilot of the Strengthened SHS Curriculum
Section: Articles Categories: Education and Social Work Keywords: science, education, technology, engineering, mathematics This study determined how much Grade 11 students are interested in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) careers. The students were part of the new Strengthened Senior High School Curriculum in the Philippines for School Year 2025–2026. A total of 455 students answered a survey about how they feel relative to STEM careers. The results showed respondents’ high interest in science, technology, and math careers, but their interest in engineering jobs was not as high. In terms of career pathways, students who chose Health and Wellness Sciences liked science the most, and students in Engineering and Natural Sciences liked technology and engineering more. Students in Business and Accounting were the most interested in math. As to sex assigned at birth (i.e., male and female), it was found that both were almost the same in liking science and math, but males were more interested in technology and engineering than females. It can be summarized that students were already interested in STEM, especially when their studies match the career they want in the future. Because of this, even though strands are no longer part of the Strengthened SHS Curriculum, schools are encouraged to provide more hands-on STEM opportunities and experiences to all students so everyone can uncover their talents and gain higher confidence in STEM activities. More students can grow up to become future scientists, engineers, doctors, and innovators who will help improve the country.
Copyright (c) 2026 Karl Evan Pama, Eden Aniversario, Ryan Montefrio https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Steel Steady: Community-Based Learning in TVET to Promote Civic Engagement
Section: Articles Categories: Education and Social Work Keywords: Community-Based Learning, Civic Engagement, TVET This project was intended to educate, enable and empower Keningau youth from both technical and vocational education and training (TVET) and mainstream backgrounds to contribute to the community through a building repair and upgrade project. Repair and maintenance in any manmade structure are always necessary but there are many variables which include regularly scheduled maintenance, lack of skilled manpower and limited funding can hinder such routine. Hence, this community project known as Steel Steady mobilized youth volunteers who were essentially students from Keningau Vocational College as well as other schools in Keningau, Sabah, to learn the basics of welding and take part in a building repair and upgrade at a chosen location. The volunteers were required to answer community-based learning (CBL) and civic engagement instruments upon completing the project to determine their overall perception on their experience as volunteers in the community project and to determine the level of influence that each dimension had on their civic engagement. The results from descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis on their responses suggest that the respondents had positive experience from the project based on the four dimensions of CBL; teamwork, participation, reflection and leadership. These four dimensions strongly influenced their sense of civic engagement. This implies that CBL is a highly plausible approach in cultivating a sense of awareness, empathy and responsibility of youths towards their community’s needs.
Copyright (c) 2026 Firdaus Sariman, Nabil Fikri, Azme Budiman, Sirhajwan Idek, Dayang Siti Khatijah Awang Damit, Lumang Lang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Self-Efficacy and Impostor Syndrome Among Selected Bachelor of Science in Nursing Students of Cavite State University - Main Campus
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Self-efficacy, Impostor Syndrome, Nursing students, psychoeducation program. Nursing is a psychologically and emotionally stressful profession where students have to reconcile the demands of school, clinical practice, and strength. This paper has discussed the connection between self-efficacy and impostor syndrome among students in a Bachelor of Science in Nursing program at Cavite State University – Main Campus and whether there exists a sex difference in the variables. A total of 258 officially enrolled third- and fourth-year students were identified as having participated in the study in Academic Year 2024-2025 using total enumeration and purposive convenience sampling within the study with the descriptive comparative-correlational design. Frequency and percentage distributions, median, standard deviation, Mann-Whitney U test, Spearman rho and Fisher Z test were used as statistical analyses. Findings showed that the impostor feelings were common among both male and female students with average scores of 67.61 and 68.41 respectively which was categorized as frequent impostorism. Nonetheless, the level of self-efficacy in both groups was high with the mean scores of 30.98 and 29.66. There was no notable difference between the sexes in impostor syndrome (t = 0.392, p = 0.696), whereas, there was a notable difference in self-efficacy (U = -2.229, p = 0.026) with males having more confidence. The combination of intense impostor experiences and strong self-efficacy points has complex preparation in nursing education students believe they are competent but cannot learn to have their victory. These results indicate that self-efficacy can serve as an armor but a weak one against self-doubt.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jervin Dinglasan Quicho, Krisha Koleen A. Alfonso, Janette T. Añes, Nica Angeline R. Ilem https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Contextualization and Localization in Science Curriculum Implementation: A Systematic Review of Strategies, Impacts, and Challenges in the Philippine Basic Education System
Section: Articles Keywords: contextualization, Localization, Science education, Indigenous knowledge system The K-12 Basic Education Program in the Philippines, institutionalized through Republic Act 10533 and operationalized by DepEd Order No. 35, s. 2016, mandates the use of Contextualization and Localization (C&L) to enhance the relevance of the science curriculum. This systematic review synthesizes literature from 2010 to 2024 to analyze the implementation, impacts, and challenges of C&L in Philippine science education. Findings reveal prevalent teacher-initiated practices, such as leveraging local biodiversity, integrating Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS), and employing community-based problem-solving. These strategies are consistently shown to improve student engagement, deepen conceptual understanding, and strengthen cultural identity. However, significant systemic barriers impede effective implementation, including inadequate teacher preparation, a lack of validated localized materials, large class sizes, rigid curriculum pacing, and epistemological tensions between indigenous and Western scientific paradigms. The review further identifies methodological limitations in the existing research, notably a predominance of small-scale qualitative studies, an absence of longitudinal data on learning outcomes, and insufficient inclusion of student and community voices. To realize the transformative potential of C&L for democratizing science education, this study calls for a multi-stakeholder approach involving reformed teacher education, sustainable support systems for resource development, and a robust research agenda focused on scalability, impact, and ethical knowledge integration.
Copyright (c) 2026 Je-Ann Banzuelo, John Rey B. Quiñones https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Institutional Readiness and Faculty Awareness for Ethno-STEM and Augmented Reality Pedagogy: A Descriptive-Correlational Study in Masbate, Philippines
Section: Articles Categories: Education and Social Work Keywords: institutional readiness, Institutional readiness faculty awareness, Faculty awareness Augmented Reality, Augmented Reality Ethno-STEM, Ethno-STEM Teacher education This descriptive–correlational study examined institutional readiness for integrating Augmented Reality (AR) in teaching and faculty awareness of Ethno-STEM pedagogy in a state college in Masbate Province, Philippines. Institutional readiness was assessed in terms of technological infrastructure, technical and administrative support, faculty digital competence, and organizational culture, while faculty awareness of Ethno-STEM was examined through conceptual understanding, perceived pedagogical value, and contextual application. Data were gathered from thirty-five (35) full-time faculty members using a validated survey instrument and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s product–moment correlation through Jamovi. Results indicated that institutional readiness for AR integration (M = 3.02) and faculty awareness of Ethno-STEM pedagogy (M = 3.18) were both at a moderate level. While technological infrastructure and organizational culture were generally adequate, technical and administrative support emerged as a key area needing improvement. Faculty members demonstrated greater appreciation of the pedagogical value of Ethno-STEM than their capacity to apply it effectively in culturally contextualized instruction. Correlation analysis revealed that faculty digital competence (r = .482, p = .004) and organizational culture (r = .356, p = .041) were significantly associated with Ethno-STEM awareness, whereas technological infrastructure and technical support were not. These findings suggest that human and cultural dimensions of institutional readiness play a more decisive role than material resources in advancing culturally responsive, technology-enhanced pedagogy. The study provides empirical evidence to inform capacity-building initiatives that emphasize faculty professional development, supportive organizational cultures, and enabling institutional policies for effective AR and Ethno-STEM integration in teacher education.
Institutional readiness faculty awareness
Copyright (c) 2026 Alvin M. Mahawan, John Rey B. Quiñones https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Challenges in Sustaining the Seal of Good Local Governance: The Case of City of Carmona, Cavite
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: SGLG, City of Carmona, Cavite, Seal of Good Local Governance, DILG, Challenges, Good governance This study focuses on the City of Carmona, Cavite, and aims to describe the problems the city has in maintaining the Seal of Good Local Governance. It seeks to determine what the challenges are to the Local Government Units’ (LGU) ability to keep the SGLG status, how these challenges affect the city’s operations, then provide recommendations to address these challenges. Based on the data and a "Strongly Agree" consensus from respondents, the Local Government Unit of Carmona has a considerable capacity to sustain its governance practices. This is attributable to the governance framework being grounded on well-defined and institutionalized policies and sufficiency of resources, ability to balance SGLG compliance and SGLG urgent local priorities, and active participation from stakeholders. On the other hand, respondents "Agree" that there are risks to the long-term sustainability of the LGU, which include policy gaps, and unclarity of mandates, inadequate funding, political shifts, the turnover of leadership, natural calamities, and disasters.
Copyright (c) 2026 Eunice A. Sales, Michelle Guevara- Canlas, Fil Vincent B. Garcia, Maria Charisma A. Cid, Jocelyn DS. Malang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Influence of Shūrā on Decision-Making among Officials of the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Consultation, Islamic governance, Decision-making, Public administration The study aims to determine the role of the Islamic principle of consultative decision-making, known as Shūrā, in the decision-making processes of the officials of the National Commission on Muslim Filipinos (NCMF). The proponents of this study employed a qualitative method to collect the required information, supporting this study by interviewing six executive and management-level officials of NCMF to gain their perspective on the issue, their practices, and the difficulties encountered in implementing Shūrā. The data were then subjected to thematic analysis using a six-phase data analysis framework developed by Braun and Clarke. The research revealed five primary themes, including: Shūrā as an Islamic and participatory governance value; Shūrā as a form of participatory and consultative decision-making; balancing Islamic consultative values with government procedures; Shūrā as an Organizational Cohesion and Trust value; and the sustainability and institutionalization of Shūrā in NCMF. The findings revealed that Shūrā provides participatory governance, cultivates trust, and bridges Islamic values and formal government processes. However, its continued application relies on making it part of the institution, not just tied to current leaders.
Copyright (c) 2026 Lenneth Aidalelynch C. Rebellion, Bernandino P. Malang, Jocelyn DS. Malang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Complementary Effect of Mungbean Sprouts on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Animal feeding, Feed rations, Mungbean sprouts, Broiler chicken, Feed complementation, Organic agriculture, Food sustainability The profitability of any chicken industry can always be correlated with increasing production. In the Philippines, as of the first quarter of 2022, poultry production had expanded by 12.3% because Filipino’s diet relies heavily on meat, thus placing livestock and poultry among essential segments of the country’s agriculture. The study aims to determine the level of mungbean sprouts that can complement the commercial feeds, which can ultimately improve the weekly body gain weight (WBGW) of broiler chickens and low feed conversion ratio (FCR). The study used the standard Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications. The mung beans were prepared in advance, taking care every day. The sprouting period of mung beans took about a week. Significant differences were revealed among treatments. Analysis of Variance implied that broiler chickens whose feed ration was complemented with 15% of mungbean sprouts had the highest WBGW of 546,67 grams and the lowest FCR of 1.74 at 28 days, respectively. The study recommends mixing 15% mungbean sprouts into the feed ration of broiler chickens for up to 28 days to improve the weight gain.
Copyright (c) 2026 Richelle C. Lacuas, Jundil A. Bacongco, Paulino A Oñal, Jr., Paulino Miguel M. Oñal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Voices From the Edge: Lived Experiences of Male Vulnerable Children
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Male vulnerable children, Children in conflict with the law, Coping strategies, Delinquency, Lived experiences This study explored the lived experiences of male vulnerable children in Cavite, Philippines, particularly those classified as Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL), who were exposed to adverse family, social, and economic conditions. It specifically aimed to examine the underlying causes of their misbehavior and to identify the coping strategies they employed prior to and during institutionalization. Using a qualitative phenomenological design, three male adolescent aged 16-18 residing in a Bahay Pag-asa were purposively selected based on gender, age, length of institutional stay, educational attainment, and family background. Data were gathered through semi-structured interviews, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Findings revealed interconnected themes including problems at home, delinquent behavior with peers, financial constraints, boredom during rehabilitation, repentance, and self-reflection. These experiences highlighted coping strategies such as seeking belonging through peer affiliation, economic coping through informal or illegal means, avoidance behaviors (e.g., running away), and adaptive coping through reflection and repentance during intervention. The findings underscore the importance of gender-responsive and context -specific interventions to support the rehabilitation and reintegration of male adolescents in institutional care.
Copyright (c) 2026 Marissa L. Lontoc, Yna Angelie T. Erestain, Princess Nicole B. Lucero, Sharmaine A. Panganiban https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Implementation of Multimedia Presentations in Enhancing the Phonetic and Speaking Abilities of Kindergarten Pupils
Section: Articles Categories: Education and Social Work Keywords: Multimedia presentations, Phonetic skills, Speaking abilities, Kindergarten education, Language development, Interactive learning, Early literacy This study examined the impact of multimedia presentations on the development of auditory awareness and oral communication skills in kindergarten children, as perceived by teachers in the Subic District. Emphasizing the importance of phonological awareness as a foundational skill in early literacy, the research explored how multimedia tools such as interactive whiteboards, flashcards, and video content facilitated phonetic development and speaking abilities. A total of 49 kindergarten teachers participated in the study, which employed a descriptive survey method to collect data on teachers' demographics, the level of multimedia integration, and the challenges faced in implementing multimedia in the classroom. The findings revealed that the majority of respondents were young, female teachers with limited experience. Multimedia tools were reported to be "greatly integrated" into reading and visual skills but were "reasonably implemented" for auditory skills. Variations in multimedia use were observed based on factors such as seminar attendance, years of service, and educational background. Key barriers included insufficient training, limited resources, and a lack of institutional support. Despite these challenges, the study confirmed that multimedia significantly contributed to enhancing phonological awareness. To fully maximize the potential of multimedia integration, the study recommended improving technological support, providing ongoing content-specific professional development, and regularly evaluating student progress to refine teaching strategies.
Copyright (c) 2026 Cherrylyn Faith D. Pullido, Raymond D. Espiritu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Lived Experiences of Parents in Co-Parenting Relationships
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Co-parenting Relationship, co-parenting families, emotional transition, social activity program. This study aims to know the lived experiences of parents in co-parenting relationships, specifically qualitative research that explores their life as someone in a co- parenting relationship. A total of nine (9) parents in co-parenting relationships were interviewed online or face-to-face. A total of six (6) superordinate were generated including ‘Living Through Family Transition,’ Navigating Life Changes and Challenges in Co- parenting.’ ‘Parenting Style and Family Members’ Adjustment in Co-parenting Setup.’ Emotional Connection.’ ‘Views on Formation of Parent and Child Emotional Bond,’ and ‘Proudest Moments and Beneficial Support for Co-parents.’ The study’s findings revealed that participants’ experiences in co-parenting relationships are viewed as challenging and emotionally exhausting, often requiring significant adjustment and emotional resilience. Despite these difficulties many parents emphasized that their co-parenting relationships were less toxic compared to when they were still in relationship with their ex-partner, which allowed them to have a more stable and manageable environment for both them and their children. Aside from these challenges, parents also have positive views of co-parenting with increased cooperation for both parents and having shared commitment with their children’s well-being. A support social activity module was proposed to enhanced and to support the families in co parenting setup relationships in raising a family and child rearing practices.
France Celine Dominique Yncierto Cabrigas
Copyright (c) 2026 Jervin Dinglasan Quicho, France Celine Dominique Yncierto Cabrigas, Marian Ralah Gelera Cañoneros, Jofel Marie Mercado Curan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Nutritional Intervention in Crisis: Formulation of a Ready-to-Eat Rice Meal to Support Disaster Operations in Bulacan
Section: Articles Categories: Health Sciences Keywords: Ready-to-eat meals, Retort pouch packaging, Sensory evaluation, Thermal processing Natural calamities are a major concern in the Philippines, and the province of Bulacan is consistently at the receiving end of these catastrophes, suffering from regular flooding and typhoons that lead to food and nutrition shortages. The goal of this study was to create chicken adobo with rice, a ready-to-eat meal in flexible retort pouches, that guarantees microbiological safety, consumer acceptability, and applicability in disaster relief missions. The product was thermally treated at 240°F (115°C) for 15 minutes at 10 psi, and thereafter, microbiological and sensory evaluations were conducted. Community members, food instructors, and food industry experts comprised the 90 respondents who evaluated product acceptability on a 9-point hedonic scale. The results showed that the RTE rice meal passed the FDA microbiological safety tests, with no trace of Salmonella spp., Listeria monocytogenes, or E. coli. Aerobic Plate Count (APC) and Staphylococcus aureus numbers were below the limit. The sensory evaluation gave the total acceptability score of 7.8 ("like very much"), with excellent ratings for aroma, flavor, and texture. The packaging of flexible retort pouches was found to be the most economical, lightweight, and easy to distribute under disaster conditions. The study concludes that the prepared RTE chicken adobo rice meal is safe, nutritious, and acceptable to the people, thus serving as an effective measure to improve food security and disaster management in Bulacan and other areas affected by disasters.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jacqueline A. Villanueva, Dolly P. Maroma, Allen N. Maroma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Exploring Health Workers’ Perspectives on Barriers to Family Planning Service Delivery: A Study in Health Center of District 2, Marikina City
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Family Planning, Health Workers, Health Centers, Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health (RPRH) Law of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10354) This study examined the barriers to family planning (FP) service delivery as perceived by health workers in selected health centers in District 2, Marikina City. The study is anchored on the WHO Health Systems Framework (WHO, 2007) and the Socio-Ecological Model (Bronfenbrenner, 1979), which explain how systemic, organizational, and socio-cultural factors interact to influence health service delivery. Specifically, it identified organizational, technical, resource-related, and socio-cultural factors that influence the implementation of FP programs and explored strategies to improve service delivery. A descriptive quantitative research design was employed, utilizing a structured self-administered questionnaire distributed to health workers involved in FP service provision. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, including frequency, percentage, and weighted mean, with limited qualitative inputs from respondents’ perspectives used to support interpretation of the results. Findings revealed that organizational challenges such as staffing shortages, high workload, and policy-related issues significantly affected FP service delivery. Technical and resource-related barriers included inconsistent supply of contraceptives, limited training opportunities, and inadequate infrastructure. Socio-cultural factors, particularly misconceptions about FP methods, cultural beliefs, and religious influences, were also perceived as major barriers to FP utilization among clients. Despite these challenges, health workers identified capacity-building activities, improved supply chain management, strengthened community education, and sustained policy support as key strategies for enhancing FP service delivery.
Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health (RPRH) Law of 2012 (Republic Act No. 10354)
Copyright (c) 2026 Rodina P. Fernandez, Ma. Kryssie G. Fernandez, Jervie C. Dual, Leprex L. Padre, Claudine F. Payacag https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Sensory and Nutrient Analysis of Watermelon Pilipit
Section: Articles Categories: Management, Education and Social Work, Health Sciences Keywords: Watermelon pilipit, Puree, Watermelon rind, Enhance This study was conducted to improve or develop food products and processing technologies, specifically those that will enhance value addition. The creation of new marketable forms from watermelon rind and skin is usually discarded. The study used an experimental design, employing a completely randomized design with four treatments, each replicated three times. Different measurements of watermelon rind and skin puree were used to represent the treatments of the study. The products were evaluated by 50 respondents composed of ten (10) trained faculty on sensory evaluation of products, 35 student evaluators who know food preparation and evaluation of products, and five (5) selected bakery owners from the Municipality of Sta. Maria Ilocos Sur. Results showed that 400ml of watermelon rind and skin puree, combined with basic ingredients, was best across all sensory evaluations and had the highest return on investment (ROI). Based on the study, the watermelon pilipit is considered healthy, acceptable, and nutritious. It contained ash of 1.12g, moisture content of 12.96g, crude fat of 11.0g, and 10.37g of crude protein. The technology should undergo further testing, including shelf-life and physicochemical tests. This study recommends using watermelon skin and rinds as an enhancer in making pastry products such as chips and pilipit
Copyright (c) 2026 Desa D. Abaya, Anna Marie D. Barroga, Francisco N. Divina, Milagros L. Liberato, Zosimo O. Liberato, Jennifer C. Chavez https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Financial Management Practices and Financial Accounting Standards Compliance Among Micro and Small Enterprises in Selected Cities of Cavite
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: financial performance, financial reporting standards, financial statement, financial transparency, microenterprises sustainability, MSE accounting, regulatory compliance This study examined the relationship between Financial Management Practices (FMP) and compliance with Financial Accounting Standards (FAS) among Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) in Dasmariñas, Imus, and General Trias, Cavite. It provides insights into how MSEs can enhance their financial practices and accounting compliance to achieve microenterprises sustainability and accurate financial reporting. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, utilizing primary data collected from 384 Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) registered MSE owners and managers through online and printed questionnaires. Responses were measured using a four-point Likert scale, and the relationship between FMP and FAS compliance was analyzed using Spearman’s Rho correlation. The results showed that MSEs exhibited a high level of financial management practice and a high degree of compliance with financial accounting standards. Inventory management emerged as the most frequently practiced FMP, while the Statement of Profit or Loss (SPL) was the most prepared financial statement. When grouped according to business profile, no significant differences were found in the level of FMP implementation or FAS compliance. However, a strong and statistically significant positive relationship was observed between FMP and FAS compliance. In conclusion, the findings indicate that effective financial management practices contribute to higher levels of compliance with financial accounting standards among MSEs, regardless of business profile. MSEs that consistently apply sound financial management practices are more likely to produce accurate and reliable financial statements.
financial performance, financial reporting standards, financial statement, financial transparency, microenterprises sustainability, MSE accounting, regulatory compliance
Copyright (c) 2026 Nicole Ashley Singson, Elizabeth D. Bigalbal, Florindo A. Ilagan, Maria Isolde R. Sustrina, Maria Cristina L. Desepida, Jaysi T. Corpuz, Sophia Marie Arayata, Kyle Raine Paraiso, Cyren Jade S. Digal, Kim Aaron Lurcha, Jannah Marie Bacotoy, Hazel Jhem Abutin, Crissamiene Nazarre C. Cabacungan, Betsy Rose S. Fidel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
4-in-1 Dictionary: An Intervention for Science 7 Learning
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: 4-in-1 Dictionary, Science Intervention, Linguistic Barriers This study, titled “4-in-1 Dictionary: An Intervention for Science 7 Learning”, was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of a 4-in-1 dictionary as a learning intervention to enhance science concept comprehension among Grade 7 students of Centro Integrated School. It sought to answer the following questions: What is the performance level of the students before and after the intervention? Is there a significant difference between the mean pretest and mean posttest performance of the experimental group? And what are the experiences of the learners in the utilization of the intervention? Qualitative and quantitative methods were employed in this study. It utilized pre and post-tests, and a written interview. Twenty-two (22) students served as the respondents of the study. Pre and post-tests were utilized to determine the performance level of the students before and after the intervention and its significant differences. A written interview was conducted to get their experiences in the utilization of the intervention. Paired t-test and percentage are the methods that are used in the research. Thematic analysis was the qualitative research method. The study findings suggest that there was a significant difference in the posttest mean score and the pretest mean score, thus 4 in 1 dictionary is effective on science concepts. According to students’ qualitative data, they felt towards the intervention which demonstrates the usefulness of intervention as a pedagogical for teaching science.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mariane Capellan Ogaya https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Bridging Procurement Gaps Through Digital Tools: Evidence from Selected Philippine National Government Agencies
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Technology Adoption, Process Improvement, Digital Governance, Procurement Delays Public Procurement and its continuing agenda for transparency, efficiency and accountability in government. In the Philippines, government efforts towards digitalization seek to modernize the procurement process with systems that are intended to make bidding more accessible and transparent. Yet even with these reforms, many agencies remain plagued by delays and inefficiencies, indicating that the transition to digital platforms hasn’t gone far enough. This paper examines how digital tools can mitigate the distance between innovation and performance in public procurement. A mixed method research was utilized, combining quantitative survey analysis and quantitative inputs from sixty (60) procurement practitioner from selected national government agencies in the National Capital Region. Analyzed that the main reasons behind procurement delays and assess the digital adoption, system compatibility, staff capacity, infrastructure preparedness as well as organizational culture. Results show that digital procurement tools significantly improved transparency and reduced reliance on manual documentation, with respondents strongly aggreging on improvements in procurement cycle time (AWM = 4.28), transparency and compliance (AWM = 4.30). Additionally, many of the issues have been addressed through the digital channels by transparency and minimisation of physical paper work, however, challenges persist, particularly on the poor system integration, limited technical skills, unstable internet connectivity and resistance to digital change. Correlation analysis revealed a strong and statistically significant relationship between the extent of digital tool adoption and operational efficiency (r = 0.606, p = < 0.001), indicating that higher levels of digitalization are associated with reduced procurement delays.
Copyright (c) 2026 Mirasol O. Bacarisas https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Community’s Disaster Preparedness and Response in the Context of Typhoons
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Community resilience, Disaster risk reduction, Emergency preparedness, Local governance, Typhoon response This study aimed to determine the community’s disaster preparedness and response in the context of typhoons. A descriptive research design combining quantitative and qualitative approaches was employed. A self-constructed survey questionnaire and in-depth interviews served as the main instruments for data collection. Simple random sampling was used to select 152 respondents for the survey, while interviews involved five residents from high-risk areas and four experts, including the CDRRMO Division Chief, BFP Fire Marshall, and two barangay officials. Most respondents were aged 21–30, predominantly female, and had lived in Sitio Ibaba, Barangay Pallocan West, Batangas City, for ten years or more. Findings revealed that residents practiced pre-disaster preparations, such as charging flashlights and mobile phones and stocking essential food and medicine. In rescue and relief operations, respondents coordinated with authorities and assisted neighbors before, during, and after typhoon events. Communication was primarily through television, radio, and megaphones used by barangay officials. Residents assessed the City Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council (CDRRMC) services positively in terms of program implementation and response and readiness, with the only limitation being the availability of printed materials. Overall, the council provided effective support through training programs, seminars, sufficient rescue and evacuation equipment, and accessible emergency hotlines. To further enhance preparedness and response, the study proposes the development and distribution of printed materials tailored to the community. These findings highlight practical strategies for improving community resilience and emergency coordination during typhoons, offering evidence-based recommendations for local governments, disaster management agencies, and community leaders.
Copyright (c) 2026 Christopher Gapuz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Looking for Motivation? Understanding the Effects of Amotivation in a Multigenerational Workforce
Section: Articles Keywords: Amotivation, E-commerce industry, Employee engagement, Generational differences, Job design, Self-determination theory Using a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach, the study investigated the impact of job design on amotivation, job engagement, time commitment, and work intensity among Generation Y and Z employees in the Philippine e-commerce industry. The study revealed that job design has a significant influence on amotivation and job engagement, with autonomy and competence emerging as critical factors. Relatedness, however, had minimal impact. The study also finds that job engagement fully mediates the relationship between job design and work intensity. These findings contribute to the theoretical understanding of amotivation in the workplace by identifying key job design elements that affect it and its consequent impact on employee behaviors. The findings also guide organizations in designing jobs that optimize motivation and engagement for Generation Y and Z employees.
Copyright (c) 2025 Angelique Blasa-Cheng, Danika Therese Ang, Luis Alfonso Locsin, Angeline Beatrice Laguitan, Jeanelle Rodriguez, Adrian Mabalay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perceived Push–Pull Factors Influencing Revenge Travel to Bataan Province
Section: Articles Categories: Business, Management Keywords: Pull factor, Push factor, Push–pull, Revenge travel, Travel destination The study aimed to explore and quantify the push-pull factors that contributed to the tourists' choice of travel destinations in Bataan Province, Philippines as a form of revenge travel, utilizing the descriptive-quantitative research method. A total of 400 local and domestic tourists aged 18 to 65 who visited and stayed in any of the five (5) municipalities—Balanga, Pilar, Bagac, Mariveles, and Morong—in Bataan Province served as respondents. The study revealed that push factors influencing travel to Bataan Province included novelty seeking, ego enhancement, and the desire for rest and relaxation, as respondents were motivated by new experiences, family bonding, and personal enjoyment. Pull factors likewise played a crucial role, with environment and safety, as well as cultural and historical attractions, being highly prioritized by respondents. The affordability and quality of tourism facilities further enhanced the satisfaction of their travel needs. In general, the study revealed that push and pull factors were both significant in helping respondents in choosing their travel destination in Bataan Province. Additionally, the results revealed that there was a significant difference in the influence of push and pull factors when the demographic profile of the respondents was considered. Based on the study’s findings, to enhance Bataan’s cultural tourism appeal, stakeholders should develop diversified cultural programs that highlight the province’s heritage and ecology, prioritize sustainability and community collaboration, and deliver high-quality, data-driven tourism experiences aligned with tourists’ diverse motivations.
Copyright (c) 2026 Rolando Calma https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Perceptions Toward the Use of Digital Learning Resources Versus Traditional Textbooks in Studying Core Accounting Subjects Among Accountancy Students of Cavite State University Main Campus, S.Y. 2025–2026
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Printed textbooks, Learning materials, Learning preferences, Thematic analysis A cross-sectional study was conducted in a state university in the Province of Cavite which covered the academic year 2025-2026 and explored the perceptions of accountancy students toward the use of digital learning materials as against traditional textbooks in studying core accounting subjects. Specifically, it aims to characterize the participants in terms of age, gender, year level, and monthly family income, investigate how often and in what situations accountancy students use digital and printed textbooks, examine the advantages and disadvantages of using both materials in learningaccounting core subjects, and recognize preferences. The research employed both quantitative and qualitative research with emphasis on the students’ experiences and perceptions. The entire population of 242 students enrolled under the accountancy program were included in the data collection applying in-depth and key informant interviews and focus group discussions, per year level. Responses were decoded manually following the steps of thematic analysis of Braun and Clark (2006). The findings revealed that printed textbooks remain as the main learning resources for students, with most indicating that they “often” use them while studying as a foundational resource. In contrast, digital materials are “often” utilized to augment the learning process. Further, the demographic profile of the participants is not a factor on the perceptions of students towards both digital and traditional learning materials; rather, the context of use is the main driver of their preference between digital and traditional learning materials. Students alternately use both printed and digital materials, allowing one to supplement the gaps of the other.
Copyright (c) 2026 Jewel Joyce B. Ortega https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Instructional Strategies of Teachers, Reading Proficiency, and Reading Motivation of Grade 7 Students
Section: Articles Categories: Education and Social Work Keywords: Instructional Strategies, Reading Proficiency, Reading Motivation, Teacher-Led Intervention This study determined the commonly used instructional strategies and the relationship of reading motivation on the reading proficiency levels of Grade 7 students, and used these findings as basis for developing a teacher-led intervention material. The research design used was descriptive-correlational design with a sample of 139 Grade 7 students and 7 English teachers. Analysis of data was done using Weighted Mean, Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient, Coefficient of Determination and modified ADDIE model. Results showed that the identified instructional strategies were used often by teachers, their average weighted mean (AWM) being 3.09. Regarding reading skills, students displayed strong reading fluency (56.80%) and moderate vocabulary knowledge (59.70%). Nevertheless, students showed a frustration-level performance in reading comprehension (43.90%), indicating that they struggle to independently understand texts and need significant support from teachers to grasp reading materials. Analysis of reading motivation of Grade 7 showed that the level of motivation was moderately high, with an (AWM) of 2.91. Correlation tests revealed that reading motivation had a very weak effects on reading proficiency, with r-squared values ranging from 0.0016% to 2.7556%, suggesting minimal contribution of motivation to students’ reading performance. These results were the foundation of a teacher-directed intervention resource aimed at overcoming the challenges outlined and helping the students to become more proficient and motivated in reading. Altogether, the research highlights the necessity of more specific and teacher-centered strategies to enhance the level of reading comprehension and interest among the students.
Copyright (c) 2026 Raquel B. Conel, Lehai B. Beloro https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Identification of Enteric Bacteria in Houseflies (Musca domestica) found in Selected Public Eateries in Davao City
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Houseflies (Musca domestica), Enteric bacteria, Public eateries, Davao City Houseflies (Musca domestica) are recognized mechanical vectors of various enteric pathogens, particularly in areas with poor sanitation. Their feeding and breeding habits on waste materials make them effective carriers of disease-causing microorganisms. Previous studies have linked houseflies to the transmission of infections such as shigellosis, cholera, and typhoid fever. This study aimed to identify enteric bacteria carried by houseflies collected from selected public eateries in Davao City and assess their potential role in bacterial transmission. A total of 27 samples were examined using conventional microbiological techniques, including microscopy and biochemical testing. Bacteria from the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella, Enterobacter, and Citrobacter were identified. Statistical analysis using the chi-square test revealed no significant variation in bacterial presence across different collection sites. The findings suggest that houseflies consistently harbor enteric bacteria regardless of location, emphasizing their role as potential vectors in public food environments. This study therefore recommends that local health authorities implement strict preventive measures in waste management, regular inspection, and sanitation permits to reduce the risks of foodborne pathogen transmission.
Copyright (c) 2026 Junelle P. Silguera, Alden S. Basay, Mecaila Alenna M. Villareal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Chatbot AWARE: A Thematic Literature Review on Chatbot Awareness, Workload-Based Adoption, Responsibility, and Ethics in Higher Education Institutions
Section: Articles Categories: Current Events and Controversial Issues, Education and Social Work Keywords: Artificial Intelligence (AI), Chatbots, Academic integrity, Ethics, Higher education, Workload adoption AI chatbots may improve learning, simplify teaching, and engage students at colleges and institutions. AWARE examined chatbots' effects on instructors and students. Awareness, ethics, responsibility, and workload-based adoption comprise the framework. By reviewing 19 scholarly sources, the researchers created the AWARE framework. Topics were sorted into four groups. Researchers ought to know the framework's pros and cons and smart uses. Online chatbots can teach, administer, and collect feedback, according to the study. There are however some problems, like lower emotional intelligence, the risk of disseminating false information, concerns about academic honesty, and the fact that not everyone can access the material. The study shows that chatbots can help with teaching instead of replacing it, as long as there are clear rules and a consistent way of teaching. The lack of lasting empirical evidence concerning the effectiveness of chatbots highlights the imperative for subsequent research aimed at measurable learning outcomes, equitable access, and the establishment of stringent ethical standards for AI integration in higher education.
Copyright (c) 2026 Anthony U. Concepcion https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Role of the Men Opposed to Violence Against Women Everywhere (MOVE) Program in Addressing Violence Against Women: An Impact Study in Quezon City
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: MOVE program, Violence against women, Gender advocacy, Men’s participation, Quezon City, Study’s impact Violence Against Women (VAW) is a very widespread problem with no age, cultural, or socioeconomic limitations. Under the Republic Act No. 9262, VAW encompasses psychological, sexual, physical, and economic abuse among intimate relations, dating relations, or between the persons that share a common child. In response to this, the Quezon City organized the Men Opposed to Violence Against Women Everywhere (MOVE) Program that involved using men as a gender equality agent. This paper evaluated the effect of MOVE on awareness, attitudes, behavior, and community involvement of men on VAW. In a mixed-methods approach, 162 subjects were interviewed in MOVE sub-chapters in Quezon City Hall. Quantitative outcomes revealed an awareness increase of 35.1 in the form of VAW calculated between the mean scores before and after the program. The best outcomes were in learning about survivor support services and such concepts like toxic masculinity. Attitudinally, the participants strongly opposed violence, as they agreed that they should never hit their partner. There was also a high level of involvement in the program, 60.9% of the respondents said they were actively participating and working to revive the MOVE Quezon City Hall chapter. In spite of these gains, there are still challenges, such as the lack of community support and continued interest which can be an obstacle to the greater inclusion of males in the prevention of VAW.
Copyright (c) 2026 Brayan Jay I. Julian, Matthew Werner L. Lagasca, Bernandino P. Malang, Jocelyn DS. Malang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
The Dynamics of Workplace Bullying: Behavioral Indicators and Organizational Implications Among Non-Teaching Personnel in the Schools Division Office of the Department of Education, City Schools Division of Cabuyao
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Workplace bullying, Organizational implication, Behavioral indicator, Work productivity, Safe and balance work environment, Organizational performance The research entitled “The Dynamics of Workplace Bullying: Behavioral Indicators and Organizational Implications among Non-Teaching Personnel in the Schools Division Office of the Department of Education, City Schools Division of Cabuyao” explores how bullying happens in an educational workplace and among non-teaching personnel. The main goal was to understand what were the behavioral aspects that ignites to bullying in workplace setting and how these affect the people who experience it as well as its organizational implication, while indeed, identifying strategies or interventions to promote a healthy and safe working environment within the workplace in mitigation to bullying. The study used descriptive-explanatory sequential mixed- methods research design and gathered data from 77 respondents through an online survey questionnaire followed by a semi-structured interview among 10 non-teaching staff. Findings showed that behavioral indicators of workplace bullying such as verbal and psychological abuse; social exclusion or isolation; work-related harassment; and cyberbullying and digital harassment have a significant impact and implication to the organization in as much as job satisfaction and morale, psychological well-being and stress, team collaboration and organizational climate, and employee retention and turnover intention were concerned. Results also highlighted that these variables were contributory for the organizations efficiency in general. Workplace bullying, though rarely experienced, still exhibited in various injurious forms that significantly affect employee well-being and organizational performance. This underscored the significance of instigating proactive policies and support systems to ensure a healthy, safe, respectful, and productive work environment for employees and people in the organization.
Copyright (c) 2026 Shiela G. Dalce, Eva Claire P. Dugang, Clyn Roche S. Pansa, Jhoanna M. Manzanero, Bernandino P. Malang, Jocelyn DS. Malang https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Determinants of Tax Compliance Among Micro Food Businesses in Cavite, Philippines
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Tax compliance, Tax law enforcement, Tax modernization, Fairness of Tax System, Cost of Compliance, Developing Economies The study focused on addressing existing gaps in the literature by examining the extent of perceived factors that influence the tax compliance of micro food businesses in selected areas of Cavite. It aimed to (1) determine the business profile of micro food businesses in selected areas of Cavite, (2) identify the level of perception of each of the perceived factors such as tax literacy and awareness, enforcement of tax laws, tax modernization, perception of the tax system, and cost of compliance, (3) examine the level of tax compliance, and (4) assess the effect of perceived factors on tax compliance of the participants. In this quantitative study, descriptive and explanatory research designs were used. The study utilized survey questionnaire answerable using a four-point Likert scale. A sample size of 385 was obtained using a proportionate stratified sampling technique, descriptive statistics and regression analysis were applied to interpret the collected data. Level of tax compliance, showed an overall mean of 3.19 and a standard deviation of 0.64. The determinants of tax compliance among micro food businesses in Cavite found that tax literacy, perceived enforcement of tax laws, tax modernization, perception of tax system fairness, and cost of compliance positively affects compliance. Findings revealed that tax literacy and awareness, improved implementation and enforcement of tax laws, enhanced tax system modernization, and the financial and procedural efforts associated with taxation significantly influence tax compliance among micro food businesses.
Copyright (c) 2026 Aeriel Louh Reign V. Banaag, Florindo C. Ilagan, Elizabeth D. Bigalbal, Dolores L. Aguilar, Maria Cristina L. Desepida, Jaysi T. Corpuz, Tricia Claire D. Apostol, Queen Aizaell P. Ramos, Princess Mae D. Tan, Nobel Victoria S. Cruz, Lyka Mae P. Quite, Hannah Nicole G. Valencia, Aeron Charles H. Casiño, Rowena R. Noceda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Leadership Competencies and Role Effectiveness of Managers: A Case Study in Selected Public Sectors of Quezon City for Basic and Applied Management Research Journal
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Competency, competency-based framework, leaders, public sector, public administration Leadership serves as a critical factor of efficiency, productivity, and overall success of an organization, particularly within the public sector where it directly influences the quality of governance and service delivery. Public sector leaders/managers in the Philippines encounter distinct challenges arising from bureaucratic structures, constraints in resources, and the increasing demand for a more efficient, resilient and responsive governance. Thus, this study seeks to examine the relationship between leadership competencies and managerial role effectiveness among selected public sector managers in Quezon City, Philippines. A researcher-made structured survey questionnaire was administered online to forty-seven (47) purposively selected respondents. Descriptive statistics and Spearman’s correlational matrix was used to analyze the data. Results revealed that participants generally demonstrated high to very high levels of leadership competency and role effectiveness, with weighted mean scores of 4.34 and 4.26, respectively. Given the results, this study found a strong positive correlation between leadership competency and role effectiveness. Capacity-building programs and developmental interventions were recommended to address low ratings in the change management and adaptability, and coaching and performance management competencies. Further research is recommended to include multiple local or national government agencies for improved generalizability.
Competency, competency-based framework, leaders, public sector, public administration
Copyright (c) 2026 Anthony Julius F. Bayona, Bernandino P. Malang, Jocelyn DS. Malang, Kathrine Ann L. Poso, Marc Dave Facturanan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Content Analysis of Undergraduate Research in Business Management at Cavite State University, Philippines
Section: Articles Categories: Social Sciences Keywords: Content analysis, Business management, Institutional research, Research agenda, Thematic areas, Undergraduate theses This study examined the research trends, methodological characteristics, and thematic alignment of undergraduate research outputs in Business Management at Cavite State University, Philippines, covering the period from 2012 to 2018. Using a descriptive research design and content analysis approach, the study analyzed 492 approved undergraduate theses archived in the university library. The analysis focused on research themes, methodological approaches, alignment with the research agenda of the college, significant findings, recommendations, and the extent of research dissemination. Results revealed that undergraduate research outputs were predominantly descriptive and concentrated on selected thematic areas such as financial management, consumer behavior, employee rewards and maintenance, supply chain management, and economic development. While most studies aligned with the institutional research agenda—particularly in community development, institutional performance, and organizational capability—several priority areas received limited research attention. The findings also indicated heavy reliance on survey-based methods and non-probability sampling techniques, with minimal use of advanced or mixed research designs. Moreover, dissemination of undergraduate research outputs was notably limited, as few theses were presented in academic forums and none were published. The study contributes to knowledge by providing a systematic, longitudinal assessment of undergraduate research patterns across multiple business specializations. The findings highlight key gaps in research focus, methodology, and dissemination that have implications for curriculum development, research mentoring, and institutional research policy. Overall, the study underscores the need to strengthen undergraduate research training and support mechanisms to improve research quality, relevance, and scholarly visibility.
Copyright (c) 2026 Asst. Prof. Janice E. Paiton, Prof. Gener T. Cueno, Asst. Prof. Princess M. Feliciano, Dr. Tania Marie P. Melo, Asst. Prof. Sherrie Rhose M. Rupido https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
Forecasting Unemployment Rates in the Ilocos Region, Philippines, Using Time Series Analysis
Section: Articles Categories: Natural and Physical Sciences Keywords: Time Series Analysis, Ilocos Region, Unemployment Rate Unemployment rates in the Ilocos Region are continuously progressing alongside the data-driven policymaking and strategies for the economy. This study presents a forecasting model that aims to forecast unemployment trends and propose measures to create more job opportunities, enhance workforce skills, and recommend strategies to reduce unemployment in the Ilocos Region. Utilizing time series analysis across the five different models, the ARIMA (1,1,1) model was identified as the most suitable in forecasting unemployment rates over time. Results also indicate that this approach can informed can be made effectively on the unemployment issues. This research helps Filipino economists, encouraging them to come up with new implementing strategies and interventions to enhance economic well-being in the Ilocos Region and the Philippines.
Copyright (c) 2026 Denver Q Narvasa https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0