Evaluation of The Implementation of The Smart School Transportation Program (ACS) in Ponorogo Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.04.09.21Keywords:
Public Policy, Policy Evaluation, Policy Implementation, School Smart Transport Program (ACS)Abstract
Smart School Transportation (ACS) is a program from the Ponorogo Regency Government as an effort to make it easier for students to get free school transportation. The purpose of this research is to describe the evaluation of the implementation of the ACS Program and to describe the inhibiting and supporting factors for the implementation of the ACS program in Ponorogo Regency. This type of research is descriptive qualitative. Data analysis techniques Qualitative analysis is carried out through data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and withdrawal conclusion. The results of the study show that the ACS program in the District Ponorogo is still not running effectively. In terms of effectiveness, it has not been effective because there are still many underage children who use motorbikes. The efficiency aspect has been fulfilled because it has implemented cost and time efficiency in program operations. In the aspect of adequacy still not fulfilled because of the limited number and capacity of the fleet in transporting students. In the aspect of alignment it is still not evenly distributed because there are still many schools that have not received program services. The responsiveness aspect has received response and support from ACS users and parents. Aspects of provisions, programs This ACS is right on target, namely to transport students. In the implementation of the ACS program, of course, there are inhibiting and supporting factors. The inhibiting factor for the first ACS program was resources, because human resources in the form of Department of Transportation staff were inadequate to carry out socialization and financial resources were also inadequate, which affected the provision of fleets and the provision of program support facilities. The second inhibiting factor is the bureaucratic structure due to the absence of Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) that are clear and regional regulations that cover program implementation. While the supporting factors for the implementation of the first ACS program, namely, communication through transmission and clarity of information have been running optimally. The second supporting factor is the attitude of the implementer that liveliness officer executor socialization from Service Communications Ponorogo Regency for schools and students is carried out continuously every new school year.
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Alcaraz, K. I., Wiedt, T. L., Daniels, E. C., Yabroff, K. R., Guerra, C. E., & Wender, R. C. (2020). Understanding and addressing social determinants to advance cancer health equity in the United States: A blueprint for practice, research, and policy. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 70(1), 31–46. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21586
Bamwesigye, D., & Hlavackova, P. (2019). Analysis of Sustainable Transport for Smart Cities. Sustainability, 11(7), 2140. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11072140
Behrendt, F. (2019). Cycling the Smart and Sustainable City: Analyzing EC Policy Documents on Internet of Things, Mobility and Transport, and Smart Cities. Sustainability, 11(3), 763. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11030763
Castro Verdezoto, P. L., Vidoza, J. A., & Gallo, W. L. R. (2019). Analysis and projection of energy consumption in Ecuador: Energy efficiency policies in the transportation sector. Energy Policy, 134, 110948. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2019.110948
Cheng, Z. (Aaron), Pang, M.-S., & Pavlou, P. A. (2020). Mitigating Traffic Congestion: The Role of Intelligent Transportation Systems. Information Systems Research, 31(3), 653–674. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.2019.0894
Daniel, H., Bornstein, S. S., & Kane, G. C. (2018). Addressing Social Determinants to Improve Patient Care and Promote Health Equity: An American College of Physicians Position Paper. Annals of Internal Medicine, 168(8), 577. https://doi.org/10.7326/M17-2441
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Evans, W. N., Kearney, M. S., Perry, B., & Sullivan, J. X. (2020). Increasing Community College Completion Rates Among Low‐Income Students: Evidence from a Randomized Controlled Trial Evaluation of a Case‐Management Intervention. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 39(4), 930–965. https://doi.org/10.1002/pam.22256
Guo, Y., Tang, Z., & Guo, J. (2020). Could a Smart City Ameliorate Urban Traffic Congestion? A Quasi-Natural Experiment Based on a Smart City Pilot Program in China. Sustainability, 12(6), 2291. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12062291
Heath, G. W., & Bilderback, J. (2019). Grow healthy together: effects of policy and environmental interventions on physical activity among urban children and youth. Journal of Physical Activity and Health, 16(2), 172–176.
Islami, F., Guerra, C. E., Minihan, A., Yabroff, K. R., Fedewa, S. A., Sloan, K., … Jemal, A. (2022). American Cancer Society’s report on the status of cancer disparities in the United States, 2021. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 72(2), 112–143. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21703
Jiang, J., Ye, B., Shao, S., Zhou, N., Wang, D., Zeng, Z., & Liu, J. (2021). Two-Tier Synergic Governance of Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Air Pollution in China’s Megacity, Shenzhen: Impact Evaluation and Policy Implication. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(11), 7225–7236. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.0c06952
Jurjevich, J. R., Griffin, A. L., Spielman, S. E., Folch, D. C., Merrick, M., & Nagle, N. N. (2018). Navigating Statistical Uncertainty: How Urban and Regional Planners Understand and Work With American Community Survey (ACS) Data for Guiding Policy. Journal of the American Planning Association, 84(2), 112–126. https://doi.org/10.1080/01944363.2018.1440182
Kakderi, C., Oikonomaki, E., & Papadaki, I. (2021). Smart and Resilient Urban Futures for Sustainability in the Post COVID-19 Era: A Review of Policy Responses on Urban Mobility. Sustainability, 13(11), 6486. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13116486
Li, Y., Li, M., Rice, M., Zhang, H., Sha, D., Li, M., … Yang, C. (2021). The Impact of Policy Measures on Human Mobility, COVID-19 Cases, and Mortality in the US: A Spatiotemporal Perspective. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(3), 996. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18030996
Mazzarino, M., & Rubini, L. (2019a). Smart Urban Planning: Evaluating Urban Logistics Performance of Innovative Solutions and Sustainable Policies in the Venice Lagoon—the Results of a Case Study. Sustainability, 11(17), 4580. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174580
Mazzarino, M., & Rubini, L. (2019b). Smart Urban Planning: Evaluating Urban Logistics Performance of Innovative Solutions and Sustainable Policies in the Venice Lagoon—the Results of a Case Study. Sustainability, 11(17), 4580. https://doi.org/10.3390/su11174580
Palm, M. (2018). Scale in housing policy: A case study of the potential of small area fair market rents. Cityscape, 20(1), 147–166. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/26381225
Palma, X., Chillón, P., Rodríguez-Rodríguez, F., Barranco-Ruiz, Y., & Huertas-Delgado, F. J. (2020). Perceived parental barriers towards active commuting to school in Chilean children and adolescents of Valparaíso. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14(7), 525–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2019.1578840
Rock, C. L., Thomson, C., Gansler, T., Gapstur, S. M., McCullough, M. L., Patel, A. V, … Doyle, C. (2020). American Cancer Society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 70(4), 245–271. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21591
Taiebat, M., Brown, A. L., Safford, H. R., Qu, S., & Xu, M. (2018). A Review on Energy, Environmental, and Sustainability Implications of Connected and Automated Vehicles. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(20), acs.est.8b00127. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b00127
Tang, H., Zhang, S., & Chen, W. (2021). Assessing Representative CCUS Layouts for China’s Power Sector toward Carbon Neutrality. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(16), 11225–11235. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c03401
Tirachini, A., & Cats, O. (2020). COVID-19 and Public Transportation: Current Assessment, Prospects, and Research Needs. Journal of Public Transportation, 22(1), 1–21. https://doi.org/10.5038/2375-0901.22.1.1
Ward, J. W., Michalek, J. J., & Samaras, C. (2021a). Air pollution, greenhouse gas, and traffic externality benefits and costs of shifting private vehicle travel to ridesourcing services. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(19), 13174–13185. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c01641
Ward, J. W., Michalek, J. J., & Samaras, C. (2021b). Air Pollution, Greenhouse Gas, and Traffic Externality Benefits and Costs of Shifting Private Vehicle Travel to Ridesourcing Services. Environmental Science & Technology, 54(3), acs.est.1c01641. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c01641
Xin, & Qu. (2019). Effects of Smart City Policies on Green Total Factor Productivity: Evidence from a Quasi-Natural Experiment in China. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(13), 2396. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16132396
Zambrano-Gutiérrez, J. C., Nicholson-Crotty, S., Carley, S., & Siddiki, S. (2018). The Role of Public Policy in Technology Diffusion: The Case of Plug-in Electric Vehicles. Environmental Science & Technology, 52(19), 10914–10922. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.8b01149
Zeeshan, K., Hämäläinen, T., & Neittaanmäki, P. (2022). Internet of Things for Sustainable Smart Education: An Overview. Sustainability, 14(7), 4293. https://doi.org/10.3390/su14074293
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