Philippine National Police Initiatives in the Promotion of Peace and Order in Iligan City: Basis for Policy Recommendation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.09.08Keywords:
PNP initiatives, peace and order, Iligan City, policy recommendationAbstract
This study aimed to determine the extent of the Philippine National Police Operation initiatives in the promotion of peace and order in Iligan City as a basis for policy recommendation. This study made use of a non-experimental quantitative research design utilizing the descriptive correlational technique, frequency count, percentage, mean and standard deviation, paired t-test, and Pearson-r correlations. The respondents exhibited a high level of response that the Philippine National Police always performed the police operational procedure initiatives in the promotion of peace and order. The finding showed that overall, there was a significant relationship between the frequency of implementation of police operations and the crime rate in terms of Index and non-index crime. Further studies are warranted.
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Article in a Journal:
1. Baker T. E. (2017). Public Safety Administration. Journal of Police Crisis Negotiation, Volume 7, 2007-issue 2 Pages 85-106. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1300/J173v07n02_05.
2. Bradford B., Jackson J. & Stanko E. A. (2017). Contact and confidence: revisiting the impact of public encounters with the police. Policing and Society, An International Journal of Research and Policy, Volume 19, 2009- issue 1, Page 20-46. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10439460802457594.
3. Carter J. G. & Phillips S. W. (2017). Intelligence-led policing and forces of organisational change in the USA. Policing and Society, An International Journal of Research and Policy, Volume 25, 2015-issue 4. Page 333-357. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2013.865738.
4. Coyne J. W. & Bell P. (2017). Strategic intelligence in law enforcement: a review. Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism, Volume 6, 2011-issue 1. Page 23-39. Retrieved April 07, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/18335330.2011.553179.
5. Herchenrader & Jones S. M. (2017). GIS supporting intelligence-led policing. . Police Practice and Research, An International Journal, Volume 16 Issue 2: Intelligence Led Policing. Pages 136-147. Retrieved April 08, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2014.972622
6. Ludwig A., Edgar T. & Maguire C. N. (2017). A Model for Managing Crime Scene Examiners. Forensic Science Policy and Management: An International Journal, Volume 5, 2014-issue 3-4. Page 76-90. Retrieved April 6, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/19409044.2014.978416.
7. Ludwig A., Fraser J., & Williams R. (2017). Crime Scene Examiners and Volume Crime Investigations: An Empirical Study of Perception and Practice. Forensic Science Policy and Management: An International Journal, Volume 3, 2012-issue 2. Page 53-61. Retrieved April 08, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/19409044.2012.728680.
8. Weatherburn D. & Grabosky P. (2017). Strategic approaches to property crime control. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, Volume 9, 1999-issue 1, Page 77-96. Retrieved April 08, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1999.9964803
Link / URL:
9. Aljibe, T. (2017). Iligan temporarily implements ‘lockdown’ as Marawi clashes continue. Retrieved December 28, 2018 from https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/05/29/17/iligan-temporarily-implements-lockdown-as-marawi-clashes-continue.
10. Avendano, C. (2017) AFP urge to probe intelligence failure in Marawi attacks. Inquirer.net. Retrieved from http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/899260/afp-urged-to-probe-intelligence-failure-in-marawi-attacks
11. Ballaran, J. (2017). PNP : Crime incidents dropped 8.44% from January to October 2017. Retrieved from https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/943856/pnp-crime-crime-index-crime-volume-dionardo-carlos
12. Caliwan, C. (2018). PDEA, PNP, NICA, ISAFP validated narco list. Northbound Philippines news. Retrieved from http://northboundasia.com/2018/05/02/pdea-pnp-nica-isafp-validated-narco-list/
13. Capistrano, Z. (2017, June 30). Martial law in Mindanao covers 17, 494 checkpoint operations, curfew hours in 129 cities. Retrieved from http://davaotoday.com/main/politics/martial-law-in-mindanao-covers-17494-checkpoint-operations-curfews-in-129-cities/
14. Cappitelli, P. (2017, November 07). 10 Things that fuel negative police image among the public. Retrieved from https://www.policeone.com/police-leader/articles/7786551-10-things-that-fuel-negative-police-image-among-the-public/
15. David M. (2017) Residents of the starting point of the Maute siege return home, retrieved from http://www.canadianinquirer.net/2017/10/30/residents-of-the-starting-point-of-maute-siege-return-home/
16. Elemia, C. (2017, May 24) Lawmakers see failure of intelligence in Marawi attack. Retrieved 07, 2019 from https://www.rappler.com/nation/170791-lawmakers-failure-intelligence-marawi-attack-martial-law.
17. Jerusalem, J.J. (2017). Police Official: Iligan still under threat. Retrieved December 28, 2018 from https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/160439.
18. Lacey, J.H., Wiliszowski, C.H., Tippetts, A.S., & Blackman, K., (2017, May). Determining the effectiveness of flexible checkpoints (DOT HS 812 420). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
19. Memorandum Circular No. 94-017. Retrieved April 06, 2019 from didm.pnp.gov.ph/Letters%20of%20instructions/LOI%2002-09%20UNIT%20CRIME%20PERIODIC%20REPORT%20UCPER.pdf
20. OSAC (2018) Philippine 2018 Crime and Safety Report. United States Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security. Retrieved from https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=23672
21. Placido, Dharel (2 June 2017). "Marawi City siege death toll reaches 175". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
22. PNP Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management (2018). Retrieved April 06, 2019 from https://www.didm.pnp.gov.ph
23. PNP Operational Procedure, (2013). Retrieved April 06, 2019 from http://www.pnp.gov.ph/images/transparency_seal/2016/manuals/PNPOperationsManual.pdf
24. PNP SOP No. ODIDM-2011-008. Retrieved April 06, 2018 from http://didm.pnp.gov.ph/Standard%20Operating%20Procedures/SOP%20ON%20CONDUCT%20OF%20CRIME%20SCENE%20INVESTIGATION.pdf
A book:
25. Begert M. & Linsay D. (2017). Intelligence Preparation for Operations. Small Wars and Insurgencies, Volume 13, 2002-issue 2: Non-state threats and Future Wars. Page 133-143. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/09592310208559187.
26. Fell J.C., Lacey J. H. & Voas R. B., (2017). Sobriety Checkpoints: Evidence of Effectiveness is strong, but Use is Limited. Traffic Injury Prevention, Volume 5-issue 3, pages 220-227. Retrieved April 6, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/15389580490465247
27. Harcourt B. E & Ludwig J. (2017). Broken Window: New Evidence from New York City and Five City Social Expirement, 73 U. CHI. L. Rev. 271, 272
28. Herbert, Steve; Brown, Elizabeth (2017), "Conceptions of Space and Crime in the Punitive Neoliberal City", Antipode, 38 (4): 755–77, doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2006.00475.x
29. Hess, K.M., Orthoman, C.H., & Cho, H. (2017). Police Operation :Theory and Practice, 6th Edition. 5 Maxwell Drive Clifton Park, New York: Delmar Cenage Learning.
30. Lancion, Jr., C M.(2017). "The Provinces; Lanao del Sur". Fast Facts about Philippine Provinces (The 2000 Millennium ed.). Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines: Tahanan Books. pp. 94–95. ISBN 971-630-037-9. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
1. Baker T. E. (2017). Public Safety Administration. Journal of Police Crisis Negotiation, Volume 7, 2007-issue 2 Pages 85-106. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1300/J173v07n02_05.
2. Bradford B., Jackson J. & Stanko E. A. (2017). Contact and confidence: revisiting the impact of public encounters with the police. Policing and Society, An International Journal of Research and Policy, Volume 19, 2009- issue 1, Page 20-46. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10439460802457594.
3. Carter J. G. & Phillips S. W. (2017). Intelligence-led policing and forces of organisational change in the USA. Policing and Society, An International Journal of Research and Policy, Volume 25, 2015-issue 4. Page 333-357. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.2013.865738.
4. Coyne J. W. & Bell P. (2017). Strategic intelligence in law enforcement: a review. Journal of Policing, Intelligence and Counter Terrorism, Volume 6, 2011-issue 1. Page 23-39. Retrieved April 07, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/18335330.2011.553179.
5. Herchenrader & Jones S. M. (2017). GIS supporting intelligence-led policing. . Police Practice and Research, An International Journal, Volume 16 Issue 2: Intelligence Led Policing. Pages 136-147. Retrieved April 08, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2014.972622
6. Ludwig A., Edgar T. & Maguire C. N. (2017). A Model for Managing Crime Scene Examiners. Forensic Science Policy and Management: An International Journal, Volume 5, 2014-issue 3-4. Page 76-90. Retrieved April 6, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/19409044.2014.978416.
7. Ludwig A., Fraser J., & Williams R. (2017). Crime Scene Examiners and Volume Crime Investigations: An Empirical Study of Perception and Practice. Forensic Science Policy and Management: An International Journal, Volume 3, 2012-issue 2. Page 53-61. Retrieved April 08, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/19409044.2012.728680.
8. Weatherburn D. & Grabosky P. (2017). Strategic approaches to property crime control. Policing and Society: An International Journal of Research and Policy, Volume 9, 1999-issue 1, Page 77-96. Retrieved April 08, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/10439463.1999.9964803
Link / URL:
9. Aljibe, T. (2017). Iligan temporarily implements ‘lockdown’ as Marawi clashes continue. Retrieved December 28, 2018 from https://news.abs-cbn.com/news/05/29/17/iligan-temporarily-implements-lockdown-as-marawi-clashes-continue.
10. Avendano, C. (2017) AFP urge to probe intelligence failure in Marawi attacks. Inquirer.net. Retrieved from http://newsinfo.inquirer.net/899260/afp-urged-to-probe-intelligence-failure-in-marawi-attacks
11. Ballaran, J. (2017). PNP : Crime incidents dropped 8.44% from January to October 2017. Retrieved from https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/943856/pnp-crime-crime-index-crime-volume-dionardo-carlos
12. Caliwan, C. (2018). PDEA, PNP, NICA, ISAFP validated narco list. Northbound Philippines news. Retrieved from http://northboundasia.com/2018/05/02/pdea-pnp-nica-isafp-validated-narco-list/
13. Capistrano, Z. (2017, June 30). Martial law in Mindanao covers 17, 494 checkpoint operations, curfew hours in 129 cities. Retrieved from http://davaotoday.com/main/politics/martial-law-in-mindanao-covers-17494-checkpoint-operations-curfews-in-129-cities/
14. Cappitelli, P. (2017, November 07). 10 Things that fuel negative police image among the public. Retrieved from https://www.policeone.com/police-leader/articles/7786551-10-things-that-fuel-negative-police-image-among-the-public/
15. David M. (2017) Residents of the starting point of the Maute siege return home, retrieved from http://www.canadianinquirer.net/2017/10/30/residents-of-the-starting-point-of-maute-siege-return-home/
16. Elemia, C. (2017, May 24) Lawmakers see failure of intelligence in Marawi attack. Retrieved 07, 2019 from https://www.rappler.com/nation/170791-lawmakers-failure-intelligence-marawi-attack-martial-law.
17. Jerusalem, J.J. (2017). Police Official: Iligan still under threat. Retrieved December 28, 2018 from https://www.sunstar.com.ph/article/160439.
18. Lacey, J.H., Wiliszowski, C.H., Tippetts, A.S., & Blackman, K., (2017, May). Determining the effectiveness of flexible checkpoints (DOT HS 812 420). Washington, DC: National Highway Traffic Safety Administration.
19. Memorandum Circular No. 94-017. Retrieved April 06, 2019 from didm.pnp.gov.ph/Letters%20of%20instructions/LOI%2002-09%20UNIT%20CRIME%20PERIODIC%20REPORT%20UCPER.pdf
20. OSAC (2018) Philippine 2018 Crime and Safety Report. United States Department of State, Bureau of Diplomatic Security. Retrieved from https://www.osac.gov/pages/ContentReportDetails.aspx?cid=23672
21. Placido, Dharel (2 June 2017). "Marawi City siege death toll reaches 175". ABS-CBN News. Archived from the original on 7 June 2017. Retrieved 7 June 2017.
22. PNP Directorate for Investigation and Detective Management (2018). Retrieved April 06, 2019 from https://www.didm.pnp.gov.ph
23. PNP Operational Procedure, (2013). Retrieved April 06, 2019 from http://www.pnp.gov.ph/images/transparency_seal/2016/manuals/PNPOperationsManual.pdf
24. PNP SOP No. ODIDM-2011-008. Retrieved April 06, 2018 from http://didm.pnp.gov.ph/Standard%20Operating%20Procedures/SOP%20ON%20CONDUCT%20OF%20CRIME%20SCENE%20INVESTIGATION.pdf
A book:
25. Begert M. & Linsay D. (2017). Intelligence Preparation for Operations. Small Wars and Insurgencies, Volume 13, 2002-issue 2: Non-state threats and Future Wars. Page 133-143. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1080/09592310208559187.
26. Fell J.C., Lacey J. H. & Voas R. B., (2017). Sobriety Checkpoints: Evidence of Effectiveness is strong, but Use is Limited. Traffic Injury Prevention, Volume 5-issue 3, pages 220-227. Retrieved April 6, 2019 from https://doi.org/10.1080/15389580490465247
27. Harcourt B. E & Ludwig J. (2017). Broken Window: New Evidence from New York City and Five City Social Expirement, 73 U. CHI. L. Rev. 271, 272
28. Herbert, Steve; Brown, Elizabeth (2017), "Conceptions of Space and Crime in the Punitive Neoliberal City", Antipode, 38 (4): 755–77, doi:10.1111/j.1467-8330.2006.00475.x
29. Hess, K.M., Orthoman, C.H., & Cho, H. (2017). Police Operation :Theory and Practice, 6th Edition. 5 Maxwell Drive Clifton Park, New York: Delmar Cenage Learning.
30. Lancion, Jr., C M.(2017). "The Provinces; Lanao del Sur". Fast Facts about Philippine Provinces (The 2000 Millennium ed.). Makati, Metro Manila, Philippines: Tahanan Books. pp. 94–95. ISBN 971-630-037-9. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
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2021-09-12
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How to Cite
Galabin, N. D., Pallega, R. B., & Recapente, M. A. . (2021). Philippine National Police Initiatives in the Promotion of Peace and Order in Iligan City: Basis for Policy Recommendation. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 2(9), 773-785. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.02.09.08
