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Abstract
Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum), is a perennial plant and a native of Eastern Asia. It is rich in vitamins A and K, iron, calcium, and dietary fiber, which contribute to various health benefits, blood pressure and cholesterol levels and improve blood regulation. The study aims to evaluate the response of spring onion to the different levels of concentration of bio-stimulant. Around 160 spring onion plants were utilized as planting materials. Before planting, extra leaves were cut to around 3 inches and roots were trimmed off too. The study was conducted at the School of Agriculture, University of Negros Occidental–Recoletos, Philippines using a Complete Randomized Design (CRD). All data gathered were statistically computed, and subjected to ANOVA using STAR 2.0.1. The experiment has four treatments: 0%, 20%, 30%, and 40% BSS, respectively, and was replicated four times. Results indicate that the application of 30% BSS significantly enhances the height to 32.02cm higher by 2.09cm for those with 0% BSS at 29.93 cm only, On the number of slips, 30% BSS has a greater number of slips of 3.42 against those with 0% BSS at 2.17 slips only. Biomass accumulation is highly significant with 3,375.00kg/ha for 30% BSS higher by 1,562.50kg/ha for 0% BSS. The total yield for 30% BSS is 3,000.00kg/ha significantly higher by 1,562.50kg/ha for 0% BSS with 1,437.50kg/ha only. Based on these findings, the application of a 30% BSS is recommended to optimize some of the agronomic attributes and yield of spring onions.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Oñal, Jr., P. A., Arcillas, K. F., Elumba, J. T., Andrade, F. E., Cortez, M. D., & Baldonebro, J. J. G. (2024). Response of Spring Onion (Allium fistulosum L) on the Application of Bio-Stimulant Solution. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(8), 3195-3205. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.05.08.22
References
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Bhupenchandra, I., Chongtham, S. K., Devi, E. L., R, R., Choudhary, A. K., Salam, M. D., Sahoo, M. R., Bhutia, T. L., Devi, S. H., Thounaojam, A. S., Behera, C., N, H. M., Kumar, A., Dasgupta, M., Devi, Y. P., Singh, D., Bhagwati, S., Devi, C. P., Singh, H. R., & Khaba, C. I. (2022). Role of bio-stimulants in mitigating the effects of cli-mate change on crop performance. Fron-tiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.967665
Bisht, A., & Chhabra, R. (2024). Bio-stimulants: paving the way towards sustainable agri-culture and food security. Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology, 36, 139–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-024-00329-0
Bulgari, R., Franzoni, G., & Ferrante, A. (2019). Bio-stimulants application in horticultural crops under abiotic stress conditions. Agronomy, 9(6), 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060306
De Vasconcelos, A. C. F., & Chaves, L. H. G. (2020). Bio-stimulants and their role in improving plant growth under abiotic stresses. In IntechOpen eBooks (pp. 1-18). https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88829
Dollen, A., Magallanes, J., Alcarde, M., Gonzaga, A., & Gonzaga, N. (2021). Yield and post-harvest performance of green onion (Al-lium fistulosum l.) as influenced by plant-ing distance and fertilizer application. Ac-ta Horticulturae, 1312, 277–284. https://doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2021.1312.40
Gupta, S., Bhattacharyya, P., Kulkarni, M. G., & Doležal, K. (2023). Editorial: Growth Regulators and Bio-stimulants: Upcoming opportunities. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1209499
Ijeomah, C., Amuda, O., Babatunde, B., & Abu-tu, P. (2020). Evaluation of genetic diver-sity of spring onions (Allium fistulosum) based on DNA markers. Journal of Exper-imental Agriculture International, 42(33), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i330481
Kaushal, P., Ali, N., Saini, S., Pati, P. K., & Pati, A. M. (2023). Physiological and molecular insight of microbial bio-stimulants for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1041413
Kayat, F., Mohammed, A., & Ibrahim, A. M. (2021). Spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.) breeding strategies. In J. M. Al-Khayri, S. M. Jain, & D. V. Johnson (Eds.), Advanc-es in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops (pp. 135–182). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66969-0_4
Kim, S., Yoon, J., Han, J., Seo, Y., Kang, B., Lee, J., & Ochar, K. (2023). Green onion (Alli-um fistulosum): an aromatic vegetable crop esteemed for food, nutritional and therapeutic significance. Foods, 12(24), 4503. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12244503
Kumar, H. D., & Aloke, P. (2020). Role of bi-ostimulant formulations in crop produc-tion: An overview. International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medi-cine, 8, 38-46. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342828738_Role_of_biostimulant_formula-tions_in_crop_production_An_overview
Li, J., Van Gerrewey, T., & Geelen, D. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of Bio-stimulant yield ef-fectiveness in field trials. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.836702
Marcel, Y. A., Nadège, A. A., Agossou, P. N., Olaréwadjou, A., Adolphe, A., & Lamine, B. (2021). Bio-formulations based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture: biofertilizer or biostimulant? African Journal of Agricul-tural Research, 17(9), 1256–1260. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2021.15756
Moreno-Hernández, J. M., Benítez-García, I., Mazorra-Manzano, M. A., Ramírez-Suárez, J. C., & Sánchez, E. (2020). Strate-gies for production, Characterization, and application of protein-based bio-stimulants in agriculture: A review. Chile-an Journal of Agricultural Research, 80(2), 274–289. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392020000200274
Nephali, L., Piater, L. A., Dubery, I. A., Patter-son, V., Huyser, J., Burgess, K., & Tugizimana, F. (2020). Bio-stimulants for plant growth and Mitigation of abiotic stresses: A Metabolomics Perspective. Metabolites, 10(12), 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10120505
Pandey, B., Bhardwaj, V., & Ramawat, N. (2022). The role of bio-stimulants in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress management: recent insights. In Bio-stimulants: Exploring Sources and Appli-cations (pp. 221–238). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7080-0_9
Parađiković, N., Teklić, T., Zeljković, S., Lisjak, M., & Špoljarević, M. (2018). Bio-stimulants Research in some horticultural plant species—A review. Food and Ener-gy Security, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.162
Rouphael, Y., & Colla, G. (2020). Toward a sus-tainable agriculture through plant bio-stimulants: From experimental data to practical applications. Agronomy, 10(10), 1461. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101461
Sahiba J., John-Paul N., Peter T., and Dean Y. (2022). The effects of different water amounts on green onion (Allium fistu-losum l.) growth. The Expedition, 13. https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/expedition/article/view/197343
Shahrajabian, M. H., Chaski, C., Polyzos, N., & Petropoulos, S. A. (2021). Bio-stimulants Application: A low-input cropping man-agement tool for sustainable farming of vegetables. Biomolecules, 11(5), 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11050698
Shukla, P. S., Yadav, N. S., Critchley, A. T., & Prithiviraj, B. (2022). Editorial: Bio-stimulants as an Avenue of Abiotic Stress Tolerance Improvement in Crops. Fron-tiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.908555
Tariq, U., Younis, A., Ahsan, M., & Nadeem, M. (2022). Bio-stimulant-induced improve-ment of soil health and water-use effi-ciency in plants. In Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International eBooks (pp. 72–84). Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789248098.0005
Teklić, T., Parađiković, N., Špoljarević, M., Zel-jković, S., Lončarić, Z., & Lisjak, M. (2020). Linking abiotic stress, plant me-tabolites, bio-stimulants, and functional food. Annals of Applied Biology/Annals of Applied Biology, 178(2), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12651
Wang, J., Qiao, L., Liu, B., Wang, J., Wang, R., Zhang, N., Sun, B., Chen, H., & Yu, Y. (2023). Characteristic aroma-active com-ponents of fried green onion (Allium fis-tulosum L.) through flavoromics analysis. Food Chemistry, 429, 136909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136909
Wozniak, E., Blaszczak, A., Wiatrak, P., & Canady, M. (2020). Bio-stimulant mode of action. In A. M. Abd El-Aty, A. M. Ibra-him, & M. A. Abdel-Latef (Eds.), The Chemical Biology of Plant Bio-stimulants (pp. 205–227). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119357254.ch8
Xu, L., & Geelen, D. (2018). Developing bio-stimulants from Agro-Food and industrial By-Products. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01567
Bhupenchandra, I., Chongtham, S. K., Devi, E. L., R, R., Choudhary, A. K., Salam, M. D., Sahoo, M. R., Bhutia, T. L., Devi, S. H., Thounaojam, A. S., Behera, C., N, H. M., Kumar, A., Dasgupta, M., Devi, Y. P., Singh, D., Bhagwati, S., Devi, C. P., Singh, H. R., & Khaba, C. I. (2022). Role of bio-stimulants in mitigating the effects of cli-mate change on crop performance. Fron-tiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.967665
Bisht, A., & Chhabra, R. (2024). Bio-stimulants: paving the way towards sustainable agri-culture and food security. Theoretical and Experimental Plant Physiology, 36, 139–163. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40626-024-00329-0
Bulgari, R., Franzoni, G., & Ferrante, A. (2019). Bio-stimulants application in horticultural crops under abiotic stress conditions. Agronomy, 9(6), 306. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy9060306
De Vasconcelos, A. C. F., & Chaves, L. H. G. (2020). Bio-stimulants and their role in improving plant growth under abiotic stresses. In IntechOpen eBooks (pp. 1-18). https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.88829
Dollen, A., Magallanes, J., Alcarde, M., Gonzaga, A., & Gonzaga, N. (2021). Yield and post-harvest performance of green onion (Al-lium fistulosum l.) as influenced by plant-ing distance and fertilizer application. Ac-ta Horticulturae, 1312, 277–284. https://doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2021.1312.40
Gupta, S., Bhattacharyya, P., Kulkarni, M. G., & Doležal, K. (2023). Editorial: Growth Regulators and Bio-stimulants: Upcoming opportunities. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1209499
Ijeomah, C., Amuda, O., Babatunde, B., & Abu-tu, P. (2020). Evaluation of genetic diver-sity of spring onions (Allium fistulosum) based on DNA markers. Journal of Exper-imental Agriculture International, 42(33), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.9734/jeai/2020/v42i330481
Kaushal, P., Ali, N., Saini, S., Pati, P. K., & Pati, A. M. (2023). Physiological and molecular insight of microbial bio-stimulants for sustainable agriculture. Frontiers in Plant Science, 14. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2023.1041413
Kayat, F., Mohammed, A., & Ibrahim, A. M. (2021). Spring onion (Allium fistulosum L.) breeding strategies. In J. M. Al-Khayri, S. M. Jain, & D. V. Johnson (Eds.), Advanc-es in Plant Breeding Strategies: Vegetable Crops (pp. 135–182). Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-66969-0_4
Kim, S., Yoon, J., Han, J., Seo, Y., Kang, B., Lee, J., & Ochar, K. (2023). Green onion (Alli-um fistulosum): an aromatic vegetable crop esteemed for food, nutritional and therapeutic significance. Foods, 12(24), 4503. https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12244503
Kumar, H. D., & Aloke, P. (2020). Role of bi-ostimulant formulations in crop produc-tion: An overview. International Journal of Applied Research in Veterinary Medi-cine, 8, 38-46. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342828738_Role_of_biostimulant_formula-tions_in_crop_production_An_overview
Li, J., Van Gerrewey, T., & Geelen, D. (2022). A Meta-Analysis of Bio-stimulant yield ef-fectiveness in field trials. Frontiers in Plant Science, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.836702
Marcel, Y. A., Nadège, A. A., Agossou, P. N., Olaréwadjou, A., Adolphe, A., & Lamine, B. (2021). Bio-formulations based on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria for sustainable agriculture: biofertilizer or biostimulant? African Journal of Agricul-tural Research, 17(9), 1256–1260. https://doi.org/10.5897/ajar2021.15756
Moreno-Hernández, J. M., Benítez-García, I., Mazorra-Manzano, M. A., Ramírez-Suárez, J. C., & Sánchez, E. (2020). Strate-gies for production, Characterization, and application of protein-based bio-stimulants in agriculture: A review. Chile-an Journal of Agricultural Research, 80(2), 274–289. https://doi.org/10.4067/s0718-58392020000200274
Nephali, L., Piater, L. A., Dubery, I. A., Patter-son, V., Huyser, J., Burgess, K., & Tugizimana, F. (2020). Bio-stimulants for plant growth and Mitigation of abiotic stresses: A Metabolomics Perspective. Metabolites, 10(12), 505. https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo10120505
Pandey, B., Bhardwaj, V., & Ramawat, N. (2022). The role of bio-stimulants in plant growth, development, and abiotic stress management: recent insights. In Bio-stimulants: Exploring Sources and Appli-cations (pp. 221–238). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-7080-0_9
Parađiković, N., Teklić, T., Zeljković, S., Lisjak, M., & Špoljarević, M. (2018). Bio-stimulants Research in some horticultural plant species—A review. Food and Ener-gy Security, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/fes3.162
Rouphael, Y., & Colla, G. (2020). Toward a sus-tainable agriculture through plant bio-stimulants: From experimental data to practical applications. Agronomy, 10(10), 1461. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy10101461
Sahiba J., John-Paul N., Peter T., and Dean Y. (2022). The effects of different water amounts on green onion (Allium fistu-losum l.) growth. The Expedition, 13. https://ojs.library.ubc.ca/index.php/expedition/article/view/197343
Shahrajabian, M. H., Chaski, C., Polyzos, N., & Petropoulos, S. A. (2021). Bio-stimulants Application: A low-input cropping man-agement tool for sustainable farming of vegetables. Biomolecules, 11(5), 698. https://doi.org/10.3390/biom11050698
Shukla, P. S., Yadav, N. S., Critchley, A. T., & Prithiviraj, B. (2022). Editorial: Bio-stimulants as an Avenue of Abiotic Stress Tolerance Improvement in Crops. Fron-tiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsufs.2022.908555
Tariq, U., Younis, A., Ahsan, M., & Nadeem, M. (2022). Bio-stimulant-induced improve-ment of soil health and water-use effi-ciency in plants. In Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International eBooks (pp. 72–84). Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences International. https://doi.org/10.1079/9781789248098.0005
Teklić, T., Parađiković, N., Špoljarević, M., Zel-jković, S., Lončarić, Z., & Lisjak, M. (2020). Linking abiotic stress, plant me-tabolites, bio-stimulants, and functional food. Annals of Applied Biology/Annals of Applied Biology, 178(2), 169–191. https://doi.org/10.1111/aab.12651
Wang, J., Qiao, L., Liu, B., Wang, J., Wang, R., Zhang, N., Sun, B., Chen, H., & Yu, Y. (2023). Characteristic aroma-active com-ponents of fried green onion (Allium fis-tulosum L.) through flavoromics analysis. Food Chemistry, 429, 136909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136909
Wozniak, E., Blaszczak, A., Wiatrak, P., & Canady, M. (2020). Bio-stimulant mode of action. In A. M. Abd El-Aty, A. M. Ibra-him, & M. A. Abdel-Latef (Eds.), The Chemical Biology of Plant Bio-stimulants (pp. 205–227). Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119357254.ch8
Xu, L., & Geelen, D. (2018). Developing bio-stimulants from Agro-Food and industrial By-Products. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2018.01567