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Abstract
The research study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of differen-tiated instruction as a strategy in teaching Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person (IHLP) of one hundred sixty-nine (169) students. The researcher followed a prescribed lesson plan and focused on one ob-jective to meet the expected competency using the students Multiple In-telligences in dividing each class into small groups best suited the study.
The study utilized a quantitative research method with a descriptive design to assess the effectiveness of differentiated instruction. To deter-mine the performance of the respondents on the pre-test and post-test using the differentiated instruction, quasi-experimental design is utilized to establish a causal relationship between an independent variable, the differentiated instruction and the dependent variable which is the stu-dents’ performance. T-Test and ANOVA is used to identify the significant differences between the pre-test, post-test, and demographic profile.
The findings of the study revealed that majority of student-respondents are female adolescents, belong to a middle-income class fam-ily, are body/kinestic, logic/math, and music styled-learners. The stu-dents performed very satisfactory during pre-test. Differentiated instruc-tion as an intervention strategy was applied to tailor instruction to the learning needs of students based on the Pre-test scores and the students performed very satisfactory during post-test. The ANOVA computation revealed a significant difference between the performance of students during pre-test and post-test. However, no significant difference in the pre-test scores of students when grouped according to sex, age, family monthly income and learning style. A significant difference in the post-test scores of students when grouped according to sex was established. The proposed enhancement to intervention strategies aimed for a differ-entiated output.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Macaraeg, R. M., & Acuavera, L. L. (2024). Differentiated Instruction as A Strategy in Teaching Introduction to the Philosophy of the Human Person (IPHP) for Grade 11 Students. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 5(11), 4258-4271. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.05.11.01
References
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Marenus, M. (2023). Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. https://www.simplypsychology.org/multiple-intelligences.html
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Tucker, G. (2020). What is Differentiated In-struction? https://www.understood.org/en/articles/differentiated-instruction-what-you-needto-know
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Wood, S. (2022). What is differentiated in-struction? US News & World Report. https://www.usnews.com/education/k12/articles/what-is-differentiated-instruction
Ankrum, J. W. & Bean (2017). Differentiated Reading instruction: What and how. ScholarWorksWMU. https://scholarworks.wmich.edu/reading_horizons/vol48/iss2/
Basco, R. O. (2020). Effectiveness of science infographics in improving academic per-formance among sixth grade pupils of one laboratory school in the Philippines. Research in Pedagogy, 10(2), 313-323.
Bergland, C. (2022). What is the Theory of Multiple Intelligences? Retrieved from https://www.verywellhealth.com/multiple-intelligences-5323411
Bibon, J. M. a. B. M. B. (2021). Coping mecha-nism of Island School students on the problems encountered in modular dis-tance learning. isroset.org. Retrieved from https://www.isroset.org/journal/IJSRMS/full_paper_view.php?paper_id=2652#parentHorizontalTab2
Bickford, D. & Wright, D. (2019). Community the Hidden Context of Learning. EDU-CASE. learning spaces. (n.d.). EDUCAUSE. https://www.educause.edu/research-and-publications/books/learning-spaces
Brilleslyper, M., Ghrist, M., Holcomb, T.,
Schaubroeck, B., Warner, B., & Williams, S. (2012): What's The Point? The Benefits
of Grading Without Points, PRIMUS: Problems, Resources, and Issues in Math-ematics
Undergraduate Studies, 22:5, 411-427
Broadbent, K. (2021). 4 Different Learning Styles: The VARK Theory. Retrieved from https://www.melioeducation.com/blog/vark-different-learning-styles/
Brown, J. (2020). What is Differentiated In-struction by Caril Tomlinson? https://knowledgeburrow.com/what-is-differentiated-instruction-by-carol-ann tomlinson/
Cherry, K. (2023). Gardner’s Theory of Multi-ple Intelligences. https://www.verywellmind.com/gardners-theory-of-multiple-intelligences 2795161
Cherry, K. (2023). Overview of VARK Learning Style. https://www.verywellmind.com/vark-learning-styles-2795156
Cote, A. (2022). 5 Free Noise Cancelling Apps for Windows in 2022 (For Any Use Case). https://krisp.ai/blog/noise-cancelling-apps-windows/
Dap-og, E. (2022). Computer-Assisted instruc-tion on students’ academic achievement and engagement in sci-ence.www.academia.edu.https://www.academ-ia.edu/82436600/Computer_Assisted_Instruction_on _Students_Academic_Achievement_and_Engagement_in_Science?f_ri=2731
Epitropoulous, A. (2020). The Innovator’s Mindset. The Conference for Learning, Teaching, and Leading Together. ASCD. Los Angeles
Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. (2020). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and applications (12th ed.). Pearson.
Grande, V. (2019). Audio Materials. https://www.slideshare.net/VeeAeGrande/audio-materials 127382688 Audio ma-terials. (2019, January 6). [Slide show]. PPT. https://www.slideshare.net/VeeAeGrande/audio-materials-127382688
Grasgreen, A. (2018). 'The Rise of Women'. Retrieved: https://www.insidehighered.com/news/2013/02/21/new-book-explains-why-women-outpace-men-education
Gheyssens, E., Griful-Freixenet, J., and Struy-ven, K. (2023). Differentiated Instruction as an Approach to Establish Effective Teaching in Inclusive Classrooms. Re-searchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/371930872_Differentiated_Instruction_as_an_Approach_to_Establish_Effective_Teaching_in_Inclusive_Classrooms
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2020). Multivariate data analysis (8th ed.). Cengage Learning. Homepage ǀ Cengage EMEA. (n.d.). https://au.cengage.com/c/multivariate-data-analysis-8e-hair-babin-anderson-black/9781473756540/
Herdon, E. (2018). What are the Multiple Intel-ligences and How do they Affect Learn-ing? https://www.cornerstone.edu/blog-post/what-are-multiple-intelligences-and-how-do-they-affect-learning/
Ibia, I. E. & Akpan, N. U. (2019). Multiple Intel-ligence-based Instructional Approach and Students’ Cognitive Achievement in Social Studies Education, knowledge Review.
IGI Global. (2023). What is Instructional Mate-rials. https://www.igiglobal.com/dictionary/relevance-of-the-use-of-instructional-materials-in-teaching-and-pedagogical-delivery/48956
Johnston (2020). 9-Effectiveness of Instruc-tional Materials in Selected Public Sec-ondary Schools in the Division of City Schools in Quezon City.
*Kaye, T., & Ehren, M. (2021). Computer-assisted instruction tools: a model to guide use in low-and middle-income countries. International Journal of Educa-tion and Development using Information and Communication Technology, 17(1), 82-99
Kishore, K. (2021, February 19). Multiple intel-ligence theory. Harappa. https://harappa.education/harappa-diaries/multiple-intelligence-theory/
Levy, H. M. (2008). Meeting the Needs of All Students through Differentiated Instruc-tion: Helping Every Child Reach and Ex-ceed Standards. The Clearing House: A Journal of Educational Strategies, Issues and Ideas, 81(4), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.3200/tchs.81.4.161-164
Magableh, I. S. I. (2020). Effectiveness of dif-ferentiated instruction on primary school studentsâ€TM English reading compre-hension achievement. Magableh | Inter-national Journal of Learning, Teaching and Educational Research. https://www.ijlter.org/index.php/ijlter/article/view/1983
Magalhães, P., Ferreira, D., Cunha, J., & Rosário, P. (2020). Online vs traditional homework: A systematic review on the benefits to students’ performance. Com-puters & Education, 152, 103869. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2020.10386
Main, P. (2023). Multiple intelligences. Struc-tural Learning. https://www.structural-learning.com/post/multiple-intelligences-howardgardner
Malvick, C. (2020). 4 Types of Learning Styles: How to Accommodate a Diverse Group of Students. https://www.rasmussen.edu/degrees/education/blog/types-of-learning-styles/
Marenus, M. (2023). Howard Gardner’s Theory of Multiple Intelligences. https://www.simplypsychology.org/multiple-intelligences.html
Marinelli, A. (2021). The 4 Types of Learning Styles. https://www.mentor.edu.au/student-life/articles/the-4-types-of-learning-styles
Mathers, C. (2021). Naturalist Intelligence: Definition, Characteristics & 5 Examples. https://www.developgoodhabits.com/naturalist-intelligence/
Mavidou, F. & Kakana, L. (2019). Effectiveness of differentiated instruction on the read-ing achievement of children. Re-searchgate. DOI:34523225-2/2568
Mettetal. S. (2020). Effects of multiple intelli-gences in both Parents and Teachers. Re-searchgate. DOI: 32565/256/222.
Northern Illinois University Center for Innova-tive Teaching and Learning. (2020). Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple in-telligences. In Instructional guide for uni-versity faculty and teaching assistants. https://www.niu.edu/citl/resources/guides/instructional-guide
Nuzzi, R. J. (2023, December 14). Multiple in-telligences | Psychological Benefits & Ap-plications. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/science/multiple-intelligences
Pitler, H. (2022). Supporting Technology Inte-gration for School Leaders. Edtech Books. https://edtechbooks.org/integrating_technology
Quillao, J., Despojo, G., Piñero, B., & Comighud, S. M. (2020). The use of multimodal in-structional materials in teaching science. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/345773706_The_Use_of_Multimodal_Instruction-al_Materials_in_Teaching_Science
Reis, S. & Renszulli, J. (2018). The Five Dimen-sion of Differentiation. Eric.gov. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1296874.pdf
Santos, A. G. F., & Vizmanos, J. F. V. (2018). Profile and determinants of the middle-income class in the Philippines (No. 2018-20). PIDS Discussion Paper Series.
Santos & Vizmanos (2018) About AmBisyon natin 2040 – AmBisyon natin 2040. (n.d.). https://2040.neda.gov.ph/about-ambisyon-natin-2040/
Saunders, M. N., Lewis, P., & Thornhill, A. (2020). Research methods for business students (8th ed.). Pearson.
Sphermo, T. (2020). 4 Types of Learning Styles: Explaining the VARK Model. https://sphero.com/blogs/news/learning-styles-for-kids
Stewart, J (2013). 12- to 14-year-olds: Ages and stages of youth development. Re-trieved: https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/12_to_14_year_olds_ages_and_stages_of_youth_development
Sotillo, C. R., & Beluso, N. A. (2023). Selected categories of students’multiple intelli-gence and teaching strategies of public-school teachers in the district of dumarao. Cpc vmgo.
Thomas, L. (2023). Quasi-Experimental Design | Definition, Types & Examples. Scribbr. https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/quasi-experimental-design/
Tomlinson, C. A. (2017). Differentiated Instruc-tion. In C. M. Callahan, & H. L. Hertberg-Davis (Eds.), Fundamentals of Gifted Edu-cation (pp. 279-292). Routledge.
Tucker, G. (2020). What is Differentiated In-struction? https://www.understood.org/en/articles/differentiated-instruction-what-you-needto-know
Tudor, A. (2023). Existentialist Intelligence: A Key to Finding Meaning and Purpose in Life. https://blog.mindvalley.com/existential-intelligence/
Weselby, C. (2022). What is Differentiated In-struction? Examples of How to Differen-tiate Instruction in the Classroom. https://resilienteducator.com/classroom-resources/examples-of-differentiated-instruction/
Westman, L. (2021). Teaching with Empathy: How to Transform Your Practice by Un-derstanding Your Learners. ASCD. 1703 North Beauregard Street, Alexandria, VA 22311-171
Whitehead, M. (2019a). Definition of Physical Literacy: Developments and Issues. In M. Whitehead (Ed.), Physical Literacy across the World (1st ed., pp. 8-18). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203702697-2
Wood, S. (2022). What is differentiated in-struction? US News & World Report. https://www.usnews.com/education/k12/articles/what-is-differentiated-instruction