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Mar 13, 2022
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Abstract
Adolescence is a critical developmental period that requires parents and youth to renegotiate their relationships (Laursen et al., 2009). Despite being an individual who can take increasing responsibility, an adolescent still needs more protection and guidance (Sawyer, et al., 2018), therefore, the relationship with their parents is crucial. This study explored the impact of parent-adolescent relationships on the academic outcome of Senior High School students in the National Capital Region of the Philippines, focusing on 4 of its dimensions in terms of the adolescents' (a) social interaction, (b) independence, (c) self-expression, and (d) academic performance. Bodies of related literature were also reviewed to assure the reliability and accuracy of this study. Results showed that there is no significant relationship between the parent-adolescent relationship and the General Weighted Average of the students. Despite that, reviewed literature indicated that adolescents who had high levels of parent-adolescent attachment were more likely to have high levels of self-worth, which in turn enhanced their academic engagement and then improved high school grades (Chen, 2017). The researchers recommend future researchers fill the gaps this research has by conducting a study in a larger sample size to give more reliable results with greater precision and power. Future studies about the parent-adolescent relationship may focus on other dimensions aside from the four dimensions explored in this study.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Tabbada, G. V. G., Rojo, J. L. D., Badiola, E. S., Escaño, K. N. O., Baldeo, J. V. J., & Castillo, K. R. B. (2022). Parent-Adolescent Relationship: Impact on Senior High School Students in the National Capital Region. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 3(3), 476-491. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.03.03.16
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What to Know About Teen Independence. (2015). The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service. SP491-A. https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/sp491a.pdf
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Youniss, J., & Smollar, J. (1985) Adolescent relations with mothers, fathers, and friends. Chicago: Uni-versity of Chicago Press. Google Scholar
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Yun, H. J., Cui, M., & Blair, B. L. (2016). The mediating roles of adolescent disclosure and parental knowledge in the association between parental warmth and delinquency among Korean adoles-cents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(8), 2395-2404. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10826-016-0425-6
Zick, C. D., & Allen, C. R. (1996). The Impact of Parents’ Marital Status on the Time Adolescents Spend in Productive Activities. Family Relations, 45(1), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.2307/584771
development of the 2-way social support scale: a meas-ure of giving and receiving emotional and instru-mental support. J. Pers. Assess. 93, 483–490. https://doi.org/10 .
Berndt, T. (1996) Friendship quality affects adolescents' self-esteem and social behavior. In: Bukowski WM, Newcomb AF, Hartup WW, editors. The com-pany they keep: Friendship during childhood and adolescence. New York: Cambridge University.
Bi,X. & Yang,Y. et al.,(2018). Parenting styles and parent–adolescent relationships: The mediating roles of behavioral autonomy and parental authority. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02187/fulL
Branje, S., Laursen, B., & Collins, W. A. (2012). Parent–child communication during adolescence. In The Routledge handbook of family communication (pp. 283-298). Routledge. https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/386706/parent_child_communication.pdf?sequence=1
Buhrmester, D., & Prager, K. (1995) Patterns and func-tions of self-disclosure during childhood and ado-lescence. In: Rotenberg KJ, editor. Disclosure pro-cesses in children and adolescents. New York: Cambridge University Press; 1995. pp. 10–56.
Cheung H. S., Sim T. N. (2014). Social support from par-ents and friends for Chinese adolescents in Singa-pore. Youth Soc. 49, 548–564. https://dx.doi.org/10.1177%2F0044118X14559502
Howard, K. & Reeves, R. (2014, September 4). The mar-riage effect: Money or parenting?. Brookings. https://www.brookings.edu/research/the-marriage-effect-money-or-parenting/
IResearchNet. (n.d.). Parent-Adolescent Relations. http://psychology.iresearchnet.com/papers/parent-adolescent-relations/
La Guardia, J., & Ryan, R. (2002). What adolescents need. Academic motivation of adolescents, 2, 193-218.
Laursen, B., and Collins, W. A. (2009). “Parent-child rela-tionships during adolescence,” in Handbook of Adolescent Psychology, eds R. M. Lerner and L. Steinberg (Hoboken, NJ: Wiley). Google Scholar
Liu, L., Wang, N., & Tian, L. (2019). The parent-adolescent relationship and risk-taking behaviors among Chinese adolescents: The moderating role of self-control. Frontiers in psychology, 10, 542. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.00542/full
Madsen, S. D. (2008). Parents’ management of adoles-cents’ romantic relationships through dating rules: Gender variations and correlates of relationship qualities. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 37(9), 1044-1058.
Manders, W. A., Scholte, R. H., Janssens, J. M., & De Bruyn, E. E. (2006). Adolescent personality, prob-lem behaviour and the quality of the parent–adolescent relationship. European Journal of Per-sonality: Published for the European Association of Personality Psychology, 20(3), 237-254. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/per.574
Morris A.S., Silk J.S., Steinberg L., Myers S.S., Robinson L.R. The role of the family context in the develop-ment of emotion regulation. Soc. Dev. 2007;16:361–388. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-9507.2007.00389.x. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743505/
Noller, P. (1995). Parent-adolescent relationships. Ex-plaining family interactions, 77-111. Google Books
Padilla-Walker, L. M., Nielson, M. G., & Day, R. D. (2016). The role of parental warmth and hostility on ado-lescents’ prosocial behavior toward multiple tar-gets. Journal of Family Psychology, 30(3), 331. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=6364&context=facpub
Parental Marital Status and Children’s Education in De-veloping Countries. (n.d.). https://paa2012.princeton.edu/papers/122606
Parker, G., Tupling, H., & Brown, L. B. (1979). A parental bonding instrument. British journal of medical psychology, 52(1), 1-10. https://skylark.ucl.ac.uk/NSHD/lib/exe/fetch.php?media=mrepo:parentalbondinginstrument.pdf
Patterson G. R., Debaryshe B. D., Ramsey E. (1989). A developmental perspective on antisocial behav-iors. Am. Psychol. 44, 329–335. https://dx.doi.org/10.1037%2F0003-066X.44.2.329
Sawyer, S. M., Azzopardi, P. S., Wickremarathne, D., & Patton, G. C. (2018). The age of adolescence. The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health, 2(3), 223-228. https://www.why.org.au/sites/default/files/2019-11/2018Sawyer_Age_of_AdolescenceFINAL.pdf
Shakespeare-Finch, J., and Obst, P. L. (2011). The devel-opment of the 2-way social support scale: a meas-ure of giving and receiving emotional and instru-mental support. J. Pers. Assess. 93, 483–490. https://doi.org/10.1080/00223891.2011.594124
Shomaker, L. B., & Furman, W. (2009). Parent—adolescent relationship qualities, internal working models, and attachment styles as predictors of ad-olescents’ interactions with friends. Journal of So-cial and Personal Relationships, 26(5), 579-603. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2822392/
Smetana, J. G. (1989). Adolescents' and parents' reason-ing about actual family conflict. Child develop-ment, 1052-1067. Researchgate
Steinberg L. Cognitive and affective development in ado-lescence. Trends Cogn. Sci. 2005;9:69–74. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2004.12.005
Wang, N., Liu, L., Tian, L. (2019, March 20). The Parent-Adolescent Relationship and Risk-Taking Behav-iors Among Chinese Adolescents: The Moderating Role of Self-Control. Frontiers in Psychology. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6435964/
What to Know About Teen Independence. (2015). The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service. SP491-A. https://extension.tennessee.edu/publications/Documents/sp491a.pdf
World Health Organization. (n.d.). Adolescent Health. Retrieved September 5, 2021, from https://www.who.int/health-topics/adolescent-health#tab=tab_1
Youniss, J., & Smollar, J. (1985) Adolescent relations with mothers, fathers, and friends. Chicago: Uni-versity of Chicago Press. Google Scholar
Yuin, F. J., & Yaacob, S. N. (2016). The mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relation between par-ent-adolescent relationship and academic perfor-mance. Malaysia: Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Sa-mad, Universiti Putra Malaysia. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Fam-Jia-Yuin/publication/309205497_The_mediating_role_of_academic_self-efficacy_in_the_relation_between_parent-adoles-cent_relationship_and_academic_performance/links/58057efd08aef87fbf3bbfde/The-mediating-role-of-academic-self-efficacy-in-the-relation-between-parent-adolescent-relationship-and-academic-performance.pdf
Yun, H. J., Cui, M., & Blair, B. L. (2016). The mediating roles of adolescent disclosure and parental knowledge in the association between parental warmth and delinquency among Korean adoles-cents. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 25(8), 2395-2404. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10826-016-0425-6
Zick, C. D., & Allen, C. R. (1996). The Impact of Parents’ Marital Status on the Time Adolescents Spend in Productive Activities. Family Relations, 45(1), 65–71. https://doi.org/10.2307/584771
development of the 2-way social support scale: a meas-ure of giving and receiving emotional and instru-mental support. J. Pers. Assess. 93, 483–490. https://doi.org/10 .