##plugins.themes.academic_pro.article.sidebar##
Downloads
Main Article Content
Abstract
Entrepreneurship has proven to become a potent economic opportunity augmenting activity that transcends the economic status quo, social strata, and even gender classification. Hence, the researchers aimed to understand gender roles among micro-enterprises in General Trias City and Tanza, Cavite, as a baseline study in undertaking gender-sensitive approach analysis to the enterprise. The study used descriptive design and purposive sampling methods in selecting 30 female and 30 male respondents in General Trias City and Tanza, Cavite. Findings showed that microenterprise business owners were dominated by 20 to 23 years old in both sexes, mostly single college undergraduates and having more than three years in operation. The study revealed the majority of male and female participants answered variably concerning gender roles among entrepreneurs in terms of; conflict management, mindset creation, emotion setting, planning, leading, organizing, controlling, and directing. On the other hand, 60 participants answered variably in participation roles among entrepreneurs in terms of; conflict management, mindset creation, emotion setting, planning, leading, organizing, controlling, and directing. Hence, the researchers' recommendations arrived at through gender roles analysis using the gender role attitude scale and degree of gender participation-role among entrepreneurs crafted towards the promotion of harmonious activities within enterprises concerning specific gender roles and their respective enterprise activities.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
References
Alarca, J. M., Katigbak, J. R., Martin, M. A., & Tadeo, J. B. (2022). The Market Environment Innovation of General Trias City: A Baseline Study of Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises’ Awareness and Readiness Towards Smart City Project. Asia Pacific Journal of Academic Research in Business Admin-istration, 8(1).
Belanger L., (2018, October 2). Here's why women take less vacation time than men -- and what to do about it. https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/319871
Cardella, G. M., Hernández-Sánchez, B. R., & Sánchez-García, J. C. (2020). Women entrepreneurship: A systematic review to outline the boundaries of scientific literature. Frontiers In Psychology, 11, 1557. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01557
Carranza, E., Dhakal, C., & Love, I. (2018). Female entre-preneurs: How and why are they different? Jobs Working Paper; No. 20. World Bank, Washington, DC. World Bank. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/31004
Coleman, S. (2016). Gender, entrepreneurship, and firm performance: Recent research and considerations of context. Handbook on well-being of working women, pp. 375–391. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-9897-6_22
Dagpin, J. C., Escaño, A. R., Mendoza, X. L. D., & Vertuso, J. C. (2022). Microenterprises Shutdown Amidst COVID-19 Pandemic: A Focus on Determinants and Exit Strategies. Asia Pacific Journal of Academ-ic Research in Business Administration, 8(1).
Drydakis, N., Sidiropoulou, K., Bozani, V., Selmanovic, S., & Patnaik, S. (2018). Masculine vs. feminine per-sonality traits and women’s employment out-comes in Britain: A field experiment. International Journal of Manpower, 39(4), 621–630. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJM-09-2017-0255
Eagly, A. H., & Wood, W. (2016). Social role theory of sex differences. In The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia Of Gender And Sexuality Studies (pp. 1–3). https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118663219.wbegss183.
Ernestine, N. (2020). Networks, networking and small-scale women entrepreneurs in Cameroon [Doctoral Dissertation, University of Edinburgh]. Edinburgh Research Archive. https://doi.org/10.7488/era/734
Gupta, V. K., Turban, D. B., & Pareek, A. (2013). Differ-ences between men and women in opportunity evaluation as a function of gender stereotypes and stereotype activation. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 37(4), 771–788. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-6520.2012. 00512.x
Gutierrez F., M., & Fernandez T., Y. (2020). Does gender diversity influence business efficiency? An analysis from the social perspective of CSR. Sustainability, 12(9), 3865. https://doi.org/10.3390/su12093865
Hassan, T., & Ahmad, B. (2016). The role of micro-enterprises in employment and income genera-tion: a case study of Timergara City Dir (L) Paki-stan. International Journal of Economics & Man-agement Sciences, 5(2), 1-5. doi:10.4172/2162-6359.1000318
Ito, Y., & Shahnaz, D. (2019). Road Map for Strengthening Social Entrepreneurship in the Philippines. ADB BRIEFS no. 112. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/514471/adb-brief-112-social-entrepreneurship-road-map-philippines.pdf
Jayachandran, S. (2021). Microentrepreneurship in de-veloping countries. In: Zimmermann, K.F. (eds) Handbook of Labor, Human Resources and Popula-tion Economics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57365-6_174-1.
Kelley, D., Brush, C., Greene, P., Herrington, M., Ali, A., & Kew, P. (2015). GEM special report: Women’s en-trepreneurship 2015. Global Entrepreneurship Re-search Association. https://gemorg.bg/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/gem-womens-2016-2017-report-v11df-1504758645.pdf
Kozhevnikov, M., Evans, C., & Kosslyn, S. M. (2014). Cog-nitive style as environmentally sensitive individu-al differences in cognition: A modern synthesis and applications in education, business, and man-agement. Psychological Science In The Public Inter-est, 15(1), 3-33. https://doi.org/10.1177/152910061452555
Krueger, N.F. (2017). Entrepreneurial intentions are dead: Long live entrepreneurial intentions. In: Brannback, M., Carsrud, A. (eds) Revisiting the En-trepreneurial Mind. International Studies in Entre-preneurship, vol 35. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-45544-0_2
McClean, E. J., Martin, S. R., Emich, K. J., & Woodruff, C. T. (2018). The social consequences of voice: An ex-amination of voice type and gender on status and subsequent leader emergence. Academy of Man-agement Journal, 61(5), 1869-1891. https://doi.org/10.5465/amj.2016.0148
Meinck, S., & Brese, F. (2019). Trends in gender gaps: using 20 years of evidence from TIMSS. Large-Scale Assessments in Education, 7(1), 1-23. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40536-019-0076-3
Republic Act No. 9178. (2002) An act to promote the establishment of barangay micro business enter-prises (bmbes), providing incentives and benefits therefor, and for other purposes. Section 3. https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2002/ra_9178_2002.html
Sarfaraz, F., Faghih, N., & Majd, A. (2014). The relation-ship between women entrepreneurship and gen-der equality. J Glob Entrep Res 4 (6). https://doi.org/10.1186/2251-7316-2-6
Shetach, A. (2012). Dilemmas of ethics committees’ ef-fectiveness: A management and team theory con-tribution. Clinical Ethics, 7(2), 94–100. https://doi.org/10.1258/ce.2012.012m05
Tambunan, T. (2019). Recent evidence of the develop-ment of micro, small and medium enterprises in Indonesia. Journal of Global Entrepreneurship Re-search, 9(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40497-018-0140-4
Tecson, K. (2022). The Role of the Philippine Govern-ment to Micro, Small, and Medium-Size Enterpris-es (MSMEs) after the COVID-19 Pandemic. http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4117490