Teaching Competencies of Provisional Senior High School Teachers in Zone 2, Division of Zambales
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.06.08.31Keywords:
Teaching Competencies, Teaching Performance, Provisional Teacher, Senior High SchoolAbstract
The importance of effective teaching in education is undeniable, as it directly impacts student learning outcomes. This study focused on assessing the teaching competencies of provisional Senior High School teachers and their relationship to teaching performance. This study utilized a descriptive- correlational research design and a quantitative method to examine 109 provisional teachers from 16 public secondary schools in Zone 2, Schools Division of Zambales, using a total population sampling technique. A three-part survey questionnaire was used to collect data on demographic profiles, performance ratings, and teaching competence levels during the fourth quarter of the 2023–2024 school year. Inferential analysis used Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to test for significant differences between competencies and teacher profiles, and Pearson-r correlation to identify relationships between competencies and performance levels. The study found that 94.5% of teachers had an outstanding performance rating. While they showed competence in communication and classroom management, there was a need for development in subject matter mastery, instructional, and assessment skills. The data revealed that 54.13% of teachers had 0-5 years of experience, and 67.89% lacked national certificates. A significant finding was that attending relevant seminars and workshops significantly impacts subject matter mastery. There was a slight, but not statistically significant, relationship (r = 0.121) between teaching competency and performance evaluations. The study recommends implementing a proposed action plan to address competency gaps and suggests future research compare different professional development models to find the most effective approach.
Downloads
References
Aguarino, A. D., Galera, D. B., Valdez, E., Dolaypan, R. P., & Ollier, C. C. (2024). Correlates of Teaching Effectiveness of Faculty Members, Psychology and Educa-tion: A Multiplinary Journal, 21(3), 242-252. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.12535698
Ali, Z. Ullah, N., Yaqoob, N., & Saba, F. (2023). Teachers’ Perceptions of Curricu-lum Change and the Need of Professional Development for Effective Teaching Practices. Multicultural Education, 9(1), 83-90. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5164465
Al-Omary, H., Soltani, A., & Steward, D. (2024). Implementing learning into prac-tice from continuous professional devel-opment activities: a scoping review and experiences. BMC Medical Education, 24(1), https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-024-06016-7
Bueno, D. C. (2023). Examining Faculty’s Mas-tery of Subject Matter: A Student- Cen-tered Analysis. Institutional Multidiscipli-nary Research and Development Journal, 4(1), 1-6. https://orchid.org/0000-0003-0072-0326
Canuto, P.P., Choycawen, M., & Pagdawan, R. (2024). The Influence of Teaching Com-petencies on teachers’ performance and students’ academic achievement in pri-mary education. Problems of Education in the 21st Century, 82(1). https://doi.org/10.33225/pec/24.82.29
Cardino, J.M., & Dela Cruz, R.A. (2020). Un-derstanding of learning stylesand teach-ing strategies towards improving the teaching and learning of mathematics. International Journal on Math, Science and Technology Education, 8(1), 19-43. https://doi.org/10.31129/LUMAT.8.1.124 8
Cells, P., Sabina, L.L., Touchton, D., Brown, R. S., & Sabina, K. L. (2023). Addressing Teacher Retention within the First Three to five years of Employment, Athens Journal of Education, 10(2), 345-364. https://doi.org/10.30958/aje.10-2-9
Chang, M., Abellan, I. M., Wright, J., Kim, J., & Gaines, R. E. (2020). Do Advanced De-grees Matter? A Multiphase Mixed- Meth-ods Study to Examine Teachers’ Obtain-ment of Advanced Degrees and Im-pact on Student and School Growth. Georgia Educational Researcher, 17(1), https://doi.gov/10.20429/ger.2020.170105
Cruz, A. S. (2024). Impact of Graduate Studies Education on Career Growth of Profes-sionals. Psychology and Education: A Mul-tidisciplinary Journal, 18(1), 20-30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10836349
Department of Education (2021). DepEd re-news over 1.7k provisional teachers in SHS for SY 2021-2022. https://www.deped.gov.ph/2021/06/23/deped-renews-over-1-7k-provisional-teachers-in-shs-for-sy-2021-2022/
Haleem, A. Javaid, M., Qadri, M. A., & Suman, R. (2022). Understanding the role of digi-tal technologies in education: A review. Sustainable Operations and Computers, 3(1), 275-285. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.susoc.2022.05.004
Hammond, D. L. (2022). Creating a compre-hensive system for evaluating and sup-porting effective teaching. Stanford, CA: Stanford Center for Opportunity Policy in Education. https://edpolicy.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/publications/creatingcomprehension-system-evaluating-and-supporting-effective-teaching_1.pdf
Hammond, L. D., & Petrilli, M. J. (2025). Here’s How We Hold on to Experienced Teachers: Give Them the Support They Need. Learning Policy Institute. https://learningpolicyinstitute.org/blog/her es-how-we-hold-experienced-teachers-give-them-support-they-need
Hattie, J. (2022). Visible learning for teachers: Maximizing impact on learning. Abing-don, UK: Routledge. https://books.google.com.ph/books/about/ Visible_Learning_for_Teachers
Hermoso, J. R., & Brobo, M. A. (2023). Influ-ence Journal of Education and Social Studies, Asian Journal of Education and Social Studies, 44(4), 33-46. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajess/2023/v44i4969
Hyseni, D. Z., Blakaj, V., Shllaku, L. E. Boci, L., & Shtylla (2022). Professional training improves early education teachers’ knowledge, skills, motivation, and effica-cy, Frontiers Education, 7(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2022.980254
Kissi, P., Baidoo-Anu, D., Anane, E., & An-nan-Brew, R. K. (2023). Teachers’ test construction competencies in examina-tion-oriented educational system: Ex-ploring teachers’ multiple-choice test construction competence. Frontiers in Education, 8. 1-14. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2023.1154592
McKlaine, B. (2022). Why do Teachers Need a Master’s Degree in Education, Neumann University. Learn.-neumann- edu.cdn.ampproject.org
Oni, O. & Adomi, E. (2023). Self-Efficacy and Research Output among Librarian Poly-technic Libraries in South-South, Library Philosophy and Practice (e- journal), 1-17. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/7923
Patak, A. A., & Hasim, A. M. (2023). The Impact of a Conducive Learning Environment on Learning Motivation and Student Achievement in Vocational Schools.,199-206. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-38476-084- 8_27
Phoung, N. T. (2022). Teachers’ Strategies in Teaching Reading Comprehension,
International Journal of Language In-struction, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.54855/ijli.22113
Putra, E., & Yanto, M. (2025). Classroom man-agement: boosting student success- meta-analysis review. Cogent Education, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186X.2025.2 458630
Siarova,, H. Sternadel, D., Masidlauskaire,R. (2017). Assessment practices for 21st century learning: review of evidence, NESET II report, Luxembourg: Publica-tions Office of the European Union. https://doi.org/10.2766/71491
Sudarmono, S., Maisah, M., Fikri, A., & Ha-sanah, N. (2021). The impact of teacher sertification on Teacher performance in school. Dinasti International Journal of Education Management and Social Sci-ence, 2(3), 535-553. https://doi.org/10.31933/dijemss.v2i3
Tjabolo, S. A., & Hermin. (2020). The influ-ence of Teacher Certification on the Per-formance of Elementary School Teachers in Gorontalo Province, Indone-sia. International Journal Instruction, 13(4), 347-360. https://doi.org/10.29333/iji.2020.13422a
Tornee, S., & Sanrattana, W. (2023). Col-laborative Actions to Enhance Effective Teacher Skills. World Journal of Educa-tion, 13(2), 41-55. https://doi.org/10.5430/wje.v13n2p41
Ventista, O.M., & Brown, C. (2023). Teachers’ professional learning and its impact on students’ learning outcomes: Finding from a systematics review. Social Sciences & Humanities, 8, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssaho.2023.100565
Wong, J. (2020). Teaching competence and attitude towards the teaching profession of senior high school teachers: Education vs. non-education. Asia Pacific Journal of Education, Arts and Sciences, 7(1), 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022
Zhang, X., Admiraal, W., & Saab. N. (2021). Teachers’ motivation to participate in continuous professional develop-ment: relationship with factors at the personal and school level. Journal of Edu-cation for Teaching,47(5),714-731. https://doi.org/10.1080/02607476.2021.1942804
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 NIKKA BOQUIRIN

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access).














