Awareness and Perception on the Use of Open Educational Resources Among Public Senior High School Teachers
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.06.10.06Keywords:
Open Educational Resources, Faculty Awareness, Perception, Senior High School Teachers, Educational Technology, Public, RegionAbstract
Education plays an essential role in shaping not only one’s knowledge but also in addressing global issues. However, the limited availability of learning resources in the Philippines continues to hinder the delivery of quality education. This suggests that Open Educational Resources (OER) can be a solution by providing free and adaptable materials that can enhance teaching. However, few studies in the Philippines have examined how senior high school faculty perceive and adopt OER, particularly in regional contexts. Thus, this research explores public senior high school teachers' awareness and perception of using OER. Using convenience sampling, the study polled 82 public senior high school instructors through a quantitative-descriptive research approach. Results indicate that most of the faculty are moderately to highly familiar with OER and have an overall positive perception of it. However, concerns persist regarding usability issues, preparation time, and institutional support. The research underlines the importance of focused training initiatives and policies in institutions to encourage teachers to adopt OER further.
Downloads
References
Aghenitei, M., Abbas, A., & Fortunado, I. (2023). Barriers of, on and to education and its potential solutions and implica-tions. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375558330_Barriers_of_on_and_to_Educa-tion_and_Its_Potential_Solutions_and_Implications
Aldevera, A. D., Alenton, L. B., & Gantuangco, P. R. (2019). Lived Experiences of the Senior High School Teachers. In 12th DLSU Arts Congress De La Salle Universi-ty. https://www.dlsu.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/pdf/conferences/arts-congress-proceedings/2019/CP-02.pdf
Almario, A. R., & Austria, R. (2020). Helping K-12 schools transition to post-COVID-19 times. https://authdocs.deped.gov.ph/wpcontent/uploads/2020/06/BE-LCPAnnex-E-Ani-Almario-Helping-K12-Schools-Transition-to-Post COVID.pdf
Altawalbeh, M. (2023). Level of awareness of faculty members on using open educa-tional resources in Jordanian universities. International Journal on Studies in Edu-cation, 5(2), 158–176. https://doi.org/10.46328/ijonse.123
Anderson, T., Gaines, A., Leachman, C., & Wil-liamson, E. P. (2017). Faculty and Instruc-tor Perceptions of Open Educational Re-sources in Engineering. The Reference Li-brarian, 58(4), 257–277. https://doi.org/10.1080/02763877.2017.1355768
Arinto, P. B. (2016). Issues and Challenges in Open and Distance e-Learning: Perspec-tives from the Philippines. The Interna-tional Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v17i2.1913
Arinto, P. B. (20220) Open educational re-sources in Philippine Schools [Brief] | SHARED. https://shared.rti.org/content/open-educational-resources-philippine-schools-brief#
Belikov, O. M., & Bodily, R. (2016). Incentives and barriers to OER adoption: A qualita-tive analysis of faculty perceptions. Open Praxis, 8(3), 235. https://doi.org/10.5944/openpraxis.8.3.308
Bond, J. D., Huddleston, B. S., & Sapp, A. (2021). Faculty Survey on OER: Percep-tions, Behaviors, and Implications for Li-brary Practice. Journal of Librarianship and Scholarly Communication, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.7710/2162-3309.2401
Brighouse, H. (2024). Education. In Routledge eBooks (pp. 751–762). https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003411598-74
Dsouza, F. (2021). Awareness and Use of Open Educational Resources: A study. Digital-Commons@University of Nebraska - Lin-coln. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/libphilprac/6570/
Enríquez-Vázquez, L., & Hernández-Gutiérrez, M. (2023). From open education to open learning: The experience at the National Autonomous University of Mexico. Dis-tance Education, 44(4), 712–730. https://doi.org/10.1080/01587919.2023.2267490
García‐Avilés, J. A. (2020). Diffusion of innova-tion. The International Encyclopedia of Media Psychology, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0137
Ghanad, A. (2023). An overview of quantitative research methods. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY RE-SEARCH AND ANALYSIS, 06(08). https://doi.org/10.47191/ijmra/v6-i8-52
Hammer C. S. (2011). The importance of par-ticipant demographics. American journal of speech-language pathology, 20(4), 261. https://doi.org/10.1044/1058 0360(2011/ed-04)
Janssen, B., Schuwer, R., & Orr, D. (2023). Key policy issues in open educational re-sources. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386083
Javillonar, M. G., Peregrino, L., & Caballes, D. G. (2021). Public secondary school teachers’ Awareness of Open Educational Re-sources (OER). ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/349211283_Public_Secondary_School_Teachers'_Awareness_of_Open_Educational_Resources_OER
Klimova, B., & Palla, D. (2025). Requirements and preferences for developing an open educational resource platform for users in developing countries. Cogent Educa-tion, 12(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/2331186x.2025.2505284
Kyaw, K. M., Mar, S. S., Kyaw, H. W. W., & Dare, R. (2024). Barriers and Opportunities in Adopting E-Libraries and E-Textbooks in Myanmar: A Comprehensive Survey of Educational Institutions. Asian Journal of Sociological Research, 7(1), 67–79. Re-trieved from https://journalsociology.com/index.php/AJSR/article/view/111
Lantrip, J., & Ray, J. (2020). Faculty percep-tions and usage of OER at Oregon com-munity Colleges. Community College Journal of Research and Practice, 45(12), 896–910. https://doi.org/10.1080/10668926.2020.1838967
Liwanag, Mariyel Hiyas & Concha, Christopher Bryan & Gopez, Christian. (2024). As-sessing the Philippine Language and Lit-erature Open Educational Resources on Fitness for Purpose: A Case Study of Akla-tang Bayan and Kadluan. NRCP Research Journal. 23. 67-79. https://researchjournal.nrcp.dost.gov.ph/assets/uploads/abstract/20240520110020_Abstract.pdf
Llanda, S. M. D. (2023). Factors influencing the faculty’s use of Open Educational Re-sources (OER). British Journal of Multidis-ciplinary and Advanced Studies, 4(4), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.37745/bjmas.2022.0237
Luo, T., Hostetler, K., Freeman, C., & Stefaniak, J. (2019). The power of open: benefits, barriers, and strategies for integration of open educational resources. Open Learn-ing: The Journal of Open, Distance and e-Learning, 35(2), 140–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/02680513.2019.1677222
Marín, V.I., Zawacki-Richter, O., Aydin, C.H. et al. (2022). Faculty perceptions, aware-ness and use of open educational re-sources for teaching and learning in higher education: a cross-comparative analysis. RPTEL 17, 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41039-022-00185-z
Masego, M., Venacio, R., & Kappo Abidemi, C. (2024). The assessment of a connection between internship programme and em-ployee career progression: an analysis of South African internship programmes. In-ternational Journal of Research in Busi-ness and Social Science (2147- 4478), 13(7), 179–191. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v13i7.3 783
McGreal, R. (2023). Editorial - Volume 24, Is-sue 2. The International Review of Re-search in Open and Distributed Learning, 24(2), i–ii. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v24i2.7339
Menzli, L. J., Smirani, L. K., Boulahia, J. A., & Hadjouni, M. (2022). Investigation of open educational resources adoption in higher education using Rogers’ diffusion of innovation theory. Heliyon, 8(7), e09885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09885
Meyer, A.E., Vázquez, J.Z., Marrou, H., Huq, M.S., Bowen, J., Szyliowicz, J.S., Graham, H.F., Chambliss, J., Scanlon, D.G., Chen, T.H., Moumouni, A., Nakosteen, M.K., Browning, R., Anweiler, O., Mukerji, S., Shimahara, N., Thomas, R.M., Naka, A., Swink, R.L., Riché, P., Lawson, R.F., Arnove, R.F., Lauwerys, J.A., Gelpi, E., Ipfling, H. (2025, September 26). educa-tion. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/topic/education
Mohillo, L. G., Jalandoon, A. R., & Marcial, D. E. (2024). KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES AND PRACTICES TOWARDS OPEN EDUCA-TIONAL RESOURCES IN HIGHER EDUCA-TION INSTITUTIONS IN THE PHILIP-PINES. Information Technologies and Learning Tools, 103(5), 89–103. https://doi.org/10.33407/itlt.v103i5.5536
Moore, G. C., & Benbasat, I. (1991). Develop-ment of an instrument to measure the perceptions of adopting an information technology innovation. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Development-of-an-Instrument-to-Measure-the-of-an-Moore-Benba-sat/ed6d9295d9fedb35701ee548deeb13edd29b8829
Nagashima, T., & Hrach, S. (2021). Motivating Factors among University Faculty for Adopting Open Educational Resources: Incentives Matter. Journal of Interactive Media in Education, 2021(1). https://doi.org/10.5334/jime.678
Noskova, T., Pavlova, T., & Yakovleva, O. (2021). A Study of Students’ Preferences in The Information Resources of The Dig-ital Learning Environment. Journal on Ef-ficiency and Responsibility in Education and Science, 14(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.7160/eriesj.2021.140105
Pande, J., Singh, A., Intaratat, K., & Mythili, G. (2019). Sharing, adaptation and organiza-tion of open Educational Resources: Ex-ploring the Teachers’ attitude of Su-khothai Thamathirat Open University, Thailand. International Journal of Engi-neering and Advanced Technology, 9(1), 31–36. https://doi.org/10.35940/ijeat.a1016.109119
Patel, K. J., Prakash, K., & Parekh, Y. R. (2021). OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES: AN OVERVIEW. Towards Excellence, 295–306. https://doi.org/10.37867/te130224
Rogers, E.M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th ed.). New York: Free Press.
Sirisilla, S. (2023). Bridging the Gap: Overcome these 7 flaws in descriptive research de-sign. https://www.enago.com/academy/descriptive-research-design/.
Syafrony, A. (2020). A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF THE USE OF OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) AT E-LEARNING UNI-VERSITY AND FACE-TO-FACE UNIVER-SITY IN YOGYAKARTA (A CASE STUDY AT UT AND UNY). Jurnal Pendidikan Ter-buka Dan Jarak Jauh, 20(2), 90–101. https://doi.org/10.33830/ptjj.v20i2.454.2019
Truong, V., Denison, T. & Stracke, C. (2021). Developing Institutional Open Education-al Resource Repositories in Vietnam: Op-portunities and Challenges. International Review of Research in Open and Distribut-ed Learning, 22(4), 109–124. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v23i1.5582
Tuan, L. K., Khanh, N. M., Thuy, N. T., & Phu-ong, N. N. (2025). Evaluating the current state and recommending solutions for the development of open pedagogy: A case study in Vietnam. Multidisciplinary Sci-ence Journal, 7(7), 2025409. https://doi.org/10.31893/multiscience.2025409
UNESCO. (2019). 2019 RECOMMENDATION ON OPEN EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES (OER) –CONSOLIDATED REPORT ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE REC-OMMENDATION. UNESCO. https://unesdoc.unesco.org/ark:/48223/pf0000386595
Villanueva, L. a. S., & Dolom, M. C. (2018). Adoption of Open Educational Resources among teachers in a rural public high school in the Philippines. ResearchGate. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328918207_Adoption_of_Open_Education-al_Resources_among_teachers_in_a_rural_public_high_school_in_the_Philippines
Wright, R. E. (2018). OER adoption in higher Education: A case study of stakeholders’ perceptions at a Florida State College. NSUWorks. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/fse_etd/178/
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Frances Aleyanna D. Guzman, Zian Mark P. Francisco, Aster Gabriel L. Azurin, Eunice Keith P. Lapuz, Christoper Kyle L. Magtoto, Charles Nicolo C. Vergara

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access).














