Development of Instructional Package for Marine Automation Course (IPMAC) of the Marine Engineering Department of the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.11594/Keywords:
Marine Automation, Web-Based Instruction, Engineering Education, E-Learning Systems, Control Engineering, Outcomes-Based EducationAbstract
Maritime systems are becoming increasingly automated, creating a need for highly skilled engineers in marine automation with strong knowledge of control engineering, instrumentation, and ways to run automated systems. The inadequacy of traditional teaching techniques to offer sufficient interactivity, accessibility, and uniformity needed for learning in a technologically complex world has resulted in a need for new forms of delivering instruction. This study aimed to produce, implement, evaluate a web-based instructional package that would improve teaching of Basic Control Engineering (BCE) through use of an Internet-based package (IPMAC) at the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy. The IPMAC system was developed using PHP and MySQL, and had interactive lecture presentations, visualisations of control systems, automated assessment and feedback, and an ability to monitor progress, all from one web-based application. A descriptive evaluative research methodology was developed to assess the usability, effectiveness and satisfaction of use by Engineering students at the Philippine Merchant Marine Academy, faculty members, and IT professionals through a structured survey. Based on the answers provided by participants, all participants agreed that using this system was useful in providing support for their lesson plans and keeping students engaged throughout the learning process. Participants also indicated they better comprehended the concept of automation and that they could successfully teach students both the benefit of automated systems as well as the effectiveness of using automated systems when teaching students through assessments/tests.
Downloads
References
Al-Fraihat, D., Joy, M., & Sinclair, J. (2020). Evaluating e-learning systems success: An empirical study. Computers in Human Behavior, 102, 67–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.08.004
Best, J. W., & Kahn, J. V. (2006). Research in education (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Pear-son Education.
Borg, W. R., & Gall, M. D. (2007). Educational research: An introduction (8th ed.). Bos-ton, MA: Allyn & Bacon.
Bruner, J. (1961). The act of discovery. Cam-bridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2018). Re-search design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
DeVellis, R. R. (2016). Scale development: The-ory and applications (4th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dick, W., & Carey, L. (1996). The systematic design of instruction (4th ed.). New York, NY: Harper Collins.
Keller, J. M. (1983). Development and use of the ARCS model. Journal of Instructional Development, 10(3), 2–10.
Martin, J., & Bolliger, D. U. (2018). Engagement matters: Student perceptions on the im-portance of engagement strategies in the online learning environment. Online Learning Journal, 22(1), 205–222. https://doi.org/10.24059/olj.v22i1.1092
Olivares, R., De Leon, M., & Padua, A. (2020). Systems-based instruction for control en-gineering. IEEE Transactions on Educa-tion, 63(2), 120–128.
Paivio, A. (1986). Mental representations: A dual coding approach. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
Salas, E., Cannon-Bowers, J. A., & Johnston, J. H. (2021). Training for automated systems. Human Factors, 63(4), 556–570.
Salloum, S., Al-Emran, M., & Shaalan, K. (2018). Web-based learning platforms using PHP and MySQL. IEEE Access, 6, 56523–56535.
Salloum, S., Al-Emran, M., Shaalan, K., & Tarhi-ni, A. (2019). Factors affecting the adop-tion of e-learning systems in higher edu-cation. IEEE Access, 7, 27844–27853. https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2899467
Spady, W. (1994). Outcome-based education: Critical issues and answers. Arlington, VA: American Association of School Adminis-trators.
Sweller, J. (1988). Cognitive load during prob-lem solving. Cognitive Science, 12(2), 257–285. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15516709cog1202_4
Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Uni-versity Press.
World Medical Association. (2013). Declara-tion of Helsinki: Ethical principles for medical research involving human sub-jects. JAMA, 310(20), 2191–2194.
Yap, L., & Hernandez, R. (2022). Digital instruc-tional systems for maritime automation training. Journal of Maritime Education and Training, 14(2), 45–58.
Yap, L., & Hernandez, R. (2022). Digital instruc-tional toolkits in maritime automation training. Maritime Education Review, 14(2), 45–58.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Wenceslao M. Cawagas III
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See the Effect of Open Access).
