Correlates of Reading Habits and Academic Performance of Grade 4 Pupils in a Public School

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11594/

Keywords:

Reading Habits, Academic Performance, Grade IV Pupils, Reading Proficiency, Contributory Factors, English Subject, Public Elementary School, Liozon, Zambales

Abstract

This study was conducted to analyze the correlates of reading habits and academic performance of Grade IV pupils in a public school, school year 2022-2023. The study focus only on the reading habits of pupils and academic performance of pupils at home and in the school. There will be fifty nine total population of Grade IV pupil-respondents of Liozon Elementary School, Palauig, Zambales. The researcher will use survey questionnaire to gather data needed in the study, such as profile of respondents, Contributory Factors Affecting Reading Proficiency, Reading Proficiency Level of the pupils, and Average Academic Performance in English. The data gathered will be checked, tallied and treated using appropriate statistical tools such as frequency, percentage, mean, and Chi- Square. Treated data will be presented through tables and graphs, it will be analyzed and interpreted. Interpreted data will be summarized, concluded, and recommended for future research study. The result would be the reading proficiency level of the pupils is dependent on the average academic performance in English. Based on the findings, there is a significant correlation between the reading habits and the academic performance of pupil-respondents in English.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Abeyrathna, N. (2020). Reading interest and intensity: Factors influencing reading habits among young learners. Colombo, Sri Lanka: University of Colombo Press.

Ali, I., Raza, M. H., Yasmeen, M., Raza, M. A., & Munawar, N. (2023). Analyzing the im-pact of students’ reading habits on aca-demic performance. Journal of Learning and Educational Policy, 3(6), 23–33. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx

American Psychological Association. (2020). Publication manual of the American Psy-chological Association (7th ed.). Wash-ington, DC: APA.

Ary, D., Jacobs, L. C., Sorensen, C., & Walker, D. A. (2020). Introduction to research in ed-ucation (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Calmorin, L. P., & Calmorin, M. A. (2022). Re-search methods and thesis writing (6th ed.). Manila, Philippines: Rex Book Store.

Castro, D. C., & Brook, C. (2020). Parental in-volvement and children’s literacy devel-opment. Journal of Literacy Research, 52(3), 345–362. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx

Creswell, J. W. (2021). A concise introduction to mixed methods research (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2021). Re-search design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (5th an-niversary ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Educa-tional research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualita-tive research (6th ed.). Boston, MA: Pear-son Education.

Creswell, J. W., & Creswell, J. D. (2022). Re-search design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2021). Qualitative inquiry & research design: Choosing among five approaches (4th ed.). Thou-sand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Department of Education (DepEd). (2022). Guidelines on school-based research and survey administration. Manila, Philip-pines: DepEd.

Department of Education (DepEd). (2023). DepEd strengthens commitment to liter-acy through national reading initiatives and assessment reforms. Manila, Philip-pines: Department of Education.

Department of Education (DepEd). (2023). Enrollment report of Liozon Elementary School, Academic Year 2017–2018. Pa-lauig, Zambales: Schools Division Office.

Dienn, P. (2020). Reading engagement and ma-terial access: Influences on elementary students’ proficiency. Reading Psycholo-gy, 41(6), 589–608. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx

Field, A. (2022). Discovering statistics using IBM SPSS statistics (5th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.

Fraenkel, J. R., Wallen, N. E., & Hyun, H. H. (2021). How to design and evaluate re-search in education (10th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw Hill Education.

Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., & Airasian, P. W. (2022). Educational research: Competencies for analysis and applications (12th ed.). Up-per Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Education.

Gravetter, F. J., & Wallnau, L. B. (2020). Statis-tics for the behavioral sciences (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage Learning.

Hart, B., & Risley, T. R. (2021). Meaningful dif-ferences in the everyday experience of young American children. Baltimore, MD: Brookes Publishing.

Krolak, L. (2020). School-level factors affecting literacy and reading engagement. Paris, France: UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning.

Leedy, P. D., & Ormrod, J. E. (2020). Practical research: Planning and design (12th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2020). Re-search in education: Evidence-based in-quiry (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Edu-cation.

McMillan, J. H., & Schumacher, S. (2020). Re-search in education: Evidence-based in-quiry (8th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Edu-cation.

Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2021). Qualita-tive research: A guide to design and im-plementation (4th ed.). San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.

Mullis, I. V. S., Martin, M. O., Gonzales, E. J., & Kennedy, A. M. (2022). PIRLS 2021: Na-tional report. Boston, MA: TIMSS & PIRLS International Study Center.

OECD. (2021). Gender differences in early lit-eracy and reading engagement. Paris, France: OECD Publishing.

Philippine Department of Education. (2021). Phil-IRI: Philippine Informal Reading In-ventory Manual (Updated ed.). Manila, Philippines: DepEd.

Popham, W. J. (2021). Classroom assessment: What teachers need to know (9th ed.). Boston, MA: Pearson Education.

Quintano, C., Esto, J., & Sumayo, G. (2023). Reading practices and home reading envi-ronments among elementary pupils. In-ternational Journal of Educational Re-search and Innovation, 18, 45–59.

Resta, I. A., Amalia, S., & Amrina, R. D. (2022). The relationship between students’ read-ing habits and reading comprehension achievement. English Language Teach-ing Educational Journal, 5(2), 134–143. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx

Sangkaeo, K. (2020). Children’s reading prefer-ences and literacy development. Bangkok, Thailand: Chulalongkorn University Press.

Shen, Y. (2021). Time spent reading and its ef-fects on reading proficiency in primary education. International Journal of Edu-cational Research, 107, 101–117. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx

Smith, M. W. (2020). Motivating children to read: Attitude, engagement, and literacy achievement. Reading & Writing Quarter-ly, 36(1), 1–19.

Snow, C. E., & Uccelli, P. (2020). Early literacy development: Pathways and opportuni-ties. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Universi-ty Press.

Swearingen, R., & Allen, D. (2020). Philippine Informal Reading Inventory (Phil-IRI). Manila, Philippines: DepEd.

Tolero, J. A., Tabile, D. O., & Achacoso, J. M. (2021). Experience of science teachers in practicing rewards systems to increase students’ participation. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 2(12), 1482–1493.

Wani, E. A., & Ismail, H. H. (2022). The effects of reading habits on academic perfor-mance among ESL learners: A systematic literature review. International Journal of Academic Research in Progressive Edu-cation and Development, 11(4), 1150–1163. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxx

Downloads

Published

23-02-2026

How to Cite

Mendaros, F. J. A. (2026). Correlates of Reading Habits and Academic Performance of Grade 4 Pupils in a Public School. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 7(2), 504-516. https://doi.org/10.11594/