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May 13, 2022
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Abstract
The study aims to describe the academic life of the junior high school learners in online distance learning. Further, the study aims to know the challenges and ways to adapt in the online learning modality. Specifically, it sought to answer how are the junior high school learners described in terms of enrollment, cohort survival, drop-out rate, promotion rate, available resources, and source of internet connectivity; and what are the practices of the junior high school learners in adapting to online distance learning in terms of time management, study habits, comprehending the lessons, attending synchronous classes, and completing the requirements. The study utilized mixed methods research design, specifically a sequential-explanatory. Documentary records were utilized in the conduct of the study. A questionnaire was administered to 931 students from Grades 7- 10 students of a state university in Bacolor, Pampanga, Philippines. After which, a focused group discussion through virtual meeting was conducted to the 22 student-leaders. It was found out that despite of the various lockdowns and continuous threat of the COVID-19, online education modality had allowed education be served to the learners. With various practices on how to adapt with the “new normal”, learners were able to be deal with the online set-up. Challenges are still present and remain to be unavoidable but continuous interventions are being done to assure that quality, equitable, and accessible high school education is served. However, it is suggested to further improve the conduct of the online classes; concepts that were of challenge to the students should be address in the reopening of schools; intervention for the students’ social aspects should be taken into consideration; and continuous support must be given to the learners as well as to the teachers.
Article Details
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
Gamboa, J. N. (2022). I Survived: Academic Life of Junior High School Learners in Online Distance Learning. International Journal of Multidisciplinary: Applied Business and Education Research, 3(5), 828-841. https://doi.org/10.11594/ijmaber.03.05.11
References
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Cockerton, T., Moore, S., & Norman, D. (1997). Cognitive test performance and background music. Percep-tual and Motor Skills, 85(3, Pt 2), 1435-1438. Re-trieved last January 13, 2022
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John M (2010). Students Study Habits and Styles. Re-trieved from www.worldwidelearn.com. Re-trieved last March 16, 2021
Katelyn F (2013). College Study Habits News. Retrieved from www.studymode.com/essays. Retrieved last April 30, 2021
Kaur, A., & Pathania, R. (2015). Study habits and academic performance among late adoles-cents. Stud Home Com Sci, 9(1), 33-35.
Kelli K (2009). Developing Good Study Habits. Retrieved from monster.com. media/ads. 11/3/2016. Marc K (2011), The Importance of Good Study Habits. Retrieved from www.answer.com. Retrieved last March 30, 2022
Kiewra KA(1989). A review of note-taking: The encod-ing storage paradigm and beyond. Educ Psychol Rev. 1989;2(1):147–172. [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last February 14, 2022
Kiewra KA. (1985). Providing the instructor’s notes: An effective addition to student note- taking. Educ Psychol. 1985;20:33–39. [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last February 14, 2022
Lawson, T., & Comber, C. (2014). Video conferencing and learning in the classroom: The effects of being an orphan technology? The International Journal of Technologies in Learning, 20. Retrieved last Feb-ruary 14, 2022
Macmillan. Agba R (2013). Why Students must De-velop Study Habits. Calabar: Rixmas Publish-ing Company. Retrieved last February 10, 2022
Marc K (2011), The Importance of Good Study Habits. Retrieved from www.answer.com. Re-trieved last February 02, 2022
Marinoni, G., van’t Land, H., & Jensen, T. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 on higher education around the world. IAU Global Survey Report. In-ternational Association of Universities (IAU). https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCT5nt5FGVklxrtUHinF_LFA [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last May 08, 2021
Mark A, Howard C (2009). How to Study. Psychol. Sci. 20(4):516-522. Retrieved last January 14, 2022
Martin, F., & Parker, M. A. (2014). Use of synchro-nous virtual classrooms: Why, who, and how? Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 10(2), 192. Retrieved last December 24, 2021
Monday M (2008). Ten Bad Study Habits You Should Resolve to Avoid. Retrieved from www.ca1newport.com. Retrieved last Feb-ruary 04, 2021.
Monica, O. E. (2015). Influence of study habits on the academic achievement of students in home economics in junior secondary school in Enugu State. International Journal of Innovative Education Research, 3(4), 15-22.
Morris, T.H. (2018). Vocational education of young adults in England: A systemic analysis of teach-ing—learning transactions that facilitate self-directed learning. Journal of Vocational Education & Training. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13636820.2018.146328. Retrieved last August 16, 2021
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Omotere T (2011). The effects of study habit on the academic performance of students. Ogun: Ego Booster Books. Retrieved last July 06, 2021.
Onwuegbuzie U (2001). Correlation between Study Habit and Students’ Academic Success. Jos J. Educ. 2(1):27 Retrieved last July 06, 2021.
Parkes M., Stein S., Reading C. (2014). Student prepared-ness for university e-learning environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 25, 110.10.1016/j.iheduc.2014.10.002 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] Retrieved last December 06, 2021.
Paul Man-man Sze (2006). Developing students’ listen-ing and speaking skills through ELT podcasts. Ed-ucation Journal, 34(2), 115-134. Retrieved last February 12, 2022
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Radha, N., & Muthukumar, C. (2015). Analysis of study habits of college students in Villupuram district. International Journal of Applied Research, 1(13),353-356.
Rashid, Mohammad Mamunur; Jahan, Monira; Islam, Anwarul; & Ratna, Meherin Munjarin Ratna (2015). Student Enrollment and Dropout: An Eval-uation Study of DCSA Program at Bangladesh Open University. Open School, Bangladesh Open Univer-sity http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2157/3449. Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Rothkopf, K. I (2002). Note-taking functions and tech-niques. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83 (2), 240-245.Retrieved last December 1, 2021
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Stansfield, M., McLellan, E., & Connolly, T. (2004). En-hancing student performance in online learn-ing and traditional face-to-face class delivery. Journal of Information Technology Education, 3, 173-188.Retrieved last January 2, 2022
Toquero, Cathy Mae (2020). Challenges and Opportuni-ties for Higher Education Amid the COVID-19 Pan-demic: The Philippine Context. Pedagogical Re-search, v5 n4 Article em0063 2020. Retrieved last August 13, 2021
Tumskiy, S. (2019). The use of learning management systems in the teaching of English to high-level learners at tertiary level. Proceeding of INTED2019, 3530-3533. Retrieved last July 06, 2021.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). (2018). “One in Five Children, Adolescents and Youth Is Out of School.” http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/file s/documents/fs48-one-five-children- adolescentsyouth-out-school-2018-en.pdf )
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Welles TL (2010). An Analysis of the Academic Success Inventory for College Students: Construct Validity and Factor Scale Invariance: Florida State Uni-versity. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6532358/#ref8. Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Williams RL, Eggert AC. Note-taking in college classes: Student patterns and instructional strategies. J Gen Educ. 2002;51(3):73–199. [Google Scholar] Retrieved last September 19, 2021.
Zhang, Z., & Kenny, R. F. (2010). Learning in an online distance education course: Experiences of three international students.International Review of Re-search in Open and Distance Learning, 11(1), 17-36. Retrieved last July 06, 2021
Akue, Joseph Aduayi-Akue, Kodjovi Lotchi, Subia Par-veen, Tanja Onatsu, Tuula Pehkonen-Elmi. (2017). Motivation of Online Learners. https://verkkolehdet.jamk.fi/ev-peda/2017/01/25/motivation-of-online-learners. Retrieved last January 2, 2022
Angkarini, Tri (2021). Study Habits of Undergraduate Students During Pandemic of Covid-19. Journal of Learning and Instructional Materials. Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Ashish R (2013). Study Habits for Students: Bad Ones to Avoid, Good Ones to Achieve Success. www.education.wisc.education/soe/newsevents. Retrieved last March 2, 2021
Asio , John Mark ; Gadia, Ediric; Abarintos, Erlinda; Paguio, Darwin; & Balce, Melner (2021). In-ternet Connection and Learning Device Availability of College Students: Basis for Institutionalizing Flexible Learning in the New Normal. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED61 3639.pdf. Retrieved last April 29, 2022.
Azmuddin, R. A. A., Nor, N. F. M., & Hamat, A. (2020). Facilitating online reading comprehension in enhanced learning environment using digital an-notation tools. IAFOR Journal of Education, 8(2), 7–27. https://doi.org/10.22492/ije.8.2.01. Retrived last September 14, 2021
Baker, Mitzi (2014). “Music Moves Brain to Pay Atten-tion.” Stanford School of Medicine. Stanford School of Medicine. https://www.fnu.edu/benefits-studying-music/ . Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Bao, W. (2020). COVID‐19 and online teaching in higher education: A case study of Peking Uni-versity. Human Behavior and Emerging Technolo-gies, 2(2), 113–115. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbe2.191 [Crossref], [PubMed], [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last Oc-tober 13, 2021
Bijeesh. (2017). Advantages and Disadvantages of Dis-tance Learning. Retrieved last September 12, 2021
Bolling S (2000). The Advantages & Disadvantages of Study Habits for College Students. New Jessy: Prentice Hall Inc.
Boyer, N. R., and Usinger, P. (2015). Tracking pathways to success: triangulating learning success factors. Int. J. Self-Directed Learn. 12, 22–48.
Canpolat, M., Kuzu, S., Yıldırım, B. ,& Canpolat, S. (2015). Active listening strategies of academically success-ful university students. Eurasian Journal of Educa-tional Research, 60,163-180 Doi: 10.14689/ejer.2015.60.10
Chen, R. T., Bennett, S., & Maton, K. (2008). The adapta-tion of chinese international students to online flexible learning: Two case studies. Distance Edu-cation, 29(3), 307-323..
Cockerton, T., Moore, S., & Norman, D. (1997). Cognitive test performance and background music. Percep-tual and Motor Skills, 85(3, Pt 2), 1435-1438. Re-trieved last January 13, 2022
Dangle, P., & Sumaoang, D. (2020). The Implementation of Modular Distance Learning in the Philippine Secondary Public Schools. Retrieved last August 14, 2021
Ebele, Abjuka Uju F. and Olofu Paul (2017). Study habit and its impact on secondary school students’ aca-demic performance in biology in the Federal Capi-tal Territory, l A. Department of Science and Envi-ronmental Education, University of Abuja, Nigeria. Retrieved last February 13, 2021
Grace F (20 13). Would Group Study Improve Your Grades? Retrieved from www.about.com . Re-trieved last July 4, 2021
Grover, K. (2015). Online social networks and the self-directed learning experience during a health crisis. Int. J. Self Direct. Learn. 12, 1–15.
Gueta, & Janer. (2021). Distance Learning Challenges on the use of Self-Learning Module. Retrieved last November 28, 2021.
Harpe T, Row A (2009). Effective Study Habits. Retrieved from www.arbeitsblaetter.com. Retrieved last November 02, 2021
Henderson, N. (2012). What Is Resiliency and Why Is it So Important? | Resiliency in Action. Available at: https://www.resiliency.com/what-is-resiliency/. Retrieved last August 1, 2021
Herrington, A & Handal, B., (2014). On Being Dependent or Independent in Computer Based Learning Envi-ronments. UTS ePRESS.
Hossain, M.A., & Rahman, M.H. (2017). Comparative study of internet usage among university students: A study of the University of Dhaka, Bangladesh. European Scientific Journal, 13(34), 134-150. https://doi.org/10.19044/esj.2017.v13n34p134 . Retrieved last April 29, 2022
http://epress.lib.uts.edu.au/research/bitstream/handle/10453/6324/2004001877.pdf?sequence=1. Re-trieved last February 02, 2022.
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02680513.2021.1973400. Retrieved last October 31, 2021
Husain A (2000). Developing Study Habits. Wikipe-dia, the free encyclopedia.
Illanes, P., Law, J., Sarakatsannis, J., Sanghvi, S., and Mendy, A. (2020). Coronavirus and the Campus: How Can US Higher Education Organize to Re-spond?. Chicago, Illinois: McKinsey and Com-pany. Retrieved last July 31, 2021
Janosik, Lisa (2017). Public Education Fuels The De-bate: Academic Outcomes Of Students Socially Pr Students Socially Promoted From Eighth Grade To High School .University of New England. https://dune.une.edu/cgi/viewcontent .cgi?article=1132&context=theses. Retrieved last April 29, 2022.
John M (2010). Students Study Habits and Styles. Re-trieved from www.worldwidelearn.com. Re-trieved last March 16, 2021
Katelyn F (2013). College Study Habits News. Retrieved from www.studymode.com/essays. Retrieved last April 30, 2021
Kaur, A., & Pathania, R. (2015). Study habits and academic performance among late adoles-cents. Stud Home Com Sci, 9(1), 33-35.
Kelli K (2009). Developing Good Study Habits. Retrieved from monster.com. media/ads. 11/3/2016. Marc K (2011), The Importance of Good Study Habits. Retrieved from www.answer.com. Retrieved last March 30, 2022
Kiewra KA(1989). A review of note-taking: The encod-ing storage paradigm and beyond. Educ Psychol Rev. 1989;2(1):147–172. [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last February 14, 2022
Kiewra KA. (1985). Providing the instructor’s notes: An effective addition to student note- taking. Educ Psychol. 1985;20:33–39. [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last February 14, 2022
Lawson, T., & Comber, C. (2014). Video conferencing and learning in the classroom: The effects of being an orphan technology? The International Journal of Technologies in Learning, 20. Retrieved last Feb-ruary 14, 2022
Macmillan. Agba R (2013). Why Students must De-velop Study Habits. Calabar: Rixmas Publish-ing Company. Retrieved last February 10, 2022
Marc K (2011), The Importance of Good Study Habits. Retrieved from www.answer.com. Re-trieved last February 02, 2022
Marinoni, G., van’t Land, H., & Jensen, T. (2020). The impact of Covid-19 on higher education around the world. IAU Global Survey Report. In-ternational Association of Universities (IAU). https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCT5nt5FGVklxrtUHinF_LFA [Google Scholar]. Retrieved last May 08, 2021
Mark A, Howard C (2009). How to Study. Psychol. Sci. 20(4):516-522. Retrieved last January 14, 2022
Martin, F., & Parker, M. A. (2014). Use of synchro-nous virtual classrooms: Why, who, and how? Journal of Online Learning and Teaching, 10(2), 192. Retrieved last December 24, 2021
Monday M (2008). Ten Bad Study Habits You Should Resolve to Avoid. Retrieved from www.ca1newport.com. Retrieved last Feb-ruary 04, 2021.
Monica, O. E. (2015). Influence of study habits on the academic achievement of students in home economics in junior secondary school in Enugu State. International Journal of Innovative Education Research, 3(4), 15-22.
Morris, T.H. (2018). Vocational education of young adults in England: A systemic analysis of teach-ing—learning transactions that facilitate self-directed learning. Journal of Vocational Education & Training. Advance online publication. doi: 10.1080/13636820.2018.146328. Retrieved last August 16, 2021
Muraina, M. B., Nyorere, I., Emana, I. E., & Muraina, K. O. (2014). Impact of note taking and study habit on academic performance among selected secondary school students in Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. In-ternational Journal of Education and Research, 2(6), 437-448.
Nardo, M. T. B. (2017, October 20). Modular Instruction Enhances Learner Autonomy. Sciepub. http://pubs.sciepub.com/edu cati-on/5/10/3/idex.html#:%7E:text=The%20use%2 0 of%20modules%20is,in%20doing%20their%20individual%20tasks.&text=It%20directs % 20students%20to%20practice%20or %20rehearse%20information.,- To%20gain%20mastery Retrieved last February 04, 2021.
Nikki K (2013). Common Bad Study Habits. Retrieved from www.newa4j ax.com. Retrieved last January 21, 2021.
Omotere T (2011). The effects of study habit on the academic performance of students. Ogun: Ego Booster Books. Retrieved last July 06, 2021.
Onwuegbuzie U (2001). Correlation between Study Habit and Students’ Academic Success. Jos J. Educ. 2(1):27 Retrieved last July 06, 2021.
Parkes M., Stein S., Reading C. (2014). Student prepared-ness for university e-learning environments. The Internet and Higher Education, 25, 110.10.1016/j.iheduc.2014.10.002 [CrossRef] [Google Scholar] Retrieved last December 06, 2021.
Paul Man-man Sze (2006). Developing students’ listen-ing and speaking skills through ELT podcasts. Ed-ucation Journal, 34(2), 115-134. Retrieved last February 12, 2022
Prevatt F, Li H, Welles T, Festa-Dreher D, Yelland S, Lee J (2011). The academic success inventory for col-lege students: Scale development and practical implications for use with students. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/a rti-cles/PMC6532358/#ref8. Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Radha, N., & Muthukumar, C. (2015). Analysis of study habits of college students in Villupuram district. International Journal of Applied Research, 1(13),353-356.
Rashid, Mohammad Mamunur; Jahan, Monira; Islam, Anwarul; & Ratna, Meherin Munjarin Ratna (2015). Student Enrollment and Dropout: An Eval-uation Study of DCSA Program at Bangladesh Open University. Open School, Bangladesh Open Univer-sity http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/2157/3449. Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Rothkopf, K. I (2002). Note-taking functions and tech-niques. Journal of Educational Psychology, 83 (2), 240-245.Retrieved last December 1, 2021
Smalley, A. (2020). “Higher Education Responses to Coronavirus (COVID-19),” in National Conference of State Legislatures. Available at: https://www.ncsl.org/research/education/higher-education-responses-to-coronavirus-covid-19.aspx. Retrieved last July 31, 2021
Stansfield, M., McLellan, E., & Connolly, T. (2004). En-hancing student performance in online learn-ing and traditional face-to-face class delivery. Journal of Information Technology Education, 3, 173-188.Retrieved last January 2, 2022
Toquero, Cathy Mae (2020). Challenges and Opportuni-ties for Higher Education Amid the COVID-19 Pan-demic: The Philippine Context. Pedagogical Re-search, v5 n4 Article em0063 2020. Retrieved last August 13, 2021
Tumskiy, S. (2019). The use of learning management systems in the teaching of English to high-level learners at tertiary level. Proceeding of INTED2019, 3530-3533. Retrieved last July 06, 2021.
UNESCO Institute for Statistics (UIS). (2018). “One in Five Children, Adolescents and Youth Is Out of School.” http://uis.unesco.org/sites/default/file s/documents/fs48-one-five-children- adolescentsyouth-out-school-2018-en.pdf )
UNICEF, (2021). Education: Giving every child the right to education. Retrieved 6th June, 2021, from https://www.unicef.org/pakistan/education
UNICEF. (2013). Global initiative on out-of-school chil-dren: Out-of-school children in the Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Punjab and Sindh provinces of Pakistan. UNICEF Pakistan, Islamabad, Pakistan. Retrieved from http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0022/002245/224501e.pdf
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), (2020). Human Development Reports. Retrieved from http://hdr.undp.org/en/hdp-covid.
United Nations, (2015). Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. Retrieved from sustainabledevelop-ment.un.org/content/documents/21252030 Agenda for Sustainable Development web.pd
Welles TL (2010). An Analysis of the Academic Success Inventory for College Students: Construct Validity and Factor Scale Invariance: Florida State Uni-versity. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6532358/#ref8. Retrieved last April 29, 2022
Williams RL, Eggert AC. Note-taking in college classes: Student patterns and instructional strategies. J Gen Educ. 2002;51(3):73–199. [Google Scholar] Retrieved last September 19, 2021.
Zhang, Z., & Kenny, R. F. (2010). Learning in an online distance education course: Experiences of three international students.International Review of Re-search in Open and Distance Learning, 11(1), 17-36. Retrieved last July 06, 2021